Gilded age-urbanization study guide

Tammany hall

A political machine in New York that started as a social club and later developed into a power center that coordinated the needs of business, immigrants and the underprivileged

Boss tweed

Who was the boss of Tammany hall

A belief that applies Christian principles to social problems / 1880s - 1890s

What is the social gospel and when was it around

Wrote books that linked Christianity with the progressive reform movement and encouraged many middle-class Protestants to attack urban problems

What did Walter rauschenbusch do

West or Northern Europe/protestant/lighter complexion, read and write English/ familiar with democracy

Describe old immigrants

Southern and Eastern Europe/ non Christian/ darker complexion/ could not read or write English/ not familiar with democracy

Describe the new immigrants

Allowed women to vote in elections.

What did the American woman suffrage association do

Elizabeth cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony

Who helped found the American woman suffrage association

Wyoming in 1869

Who was the first state to grant full suffrage to women and what year did it happen

Mark Twain

Who became the first great realist author

A writing style that attempted to express an authentic American style

What was realism

Excessive drinking of alcohol by male factory workers

What was one cause of poverty for immigrant and working-class families

1874

When was the women’s Christian temperance movement formed

Total abstinence from alcohol

What was the women’s Christian temperance movement advocating

Frances E. Willard

Who led the WCTU

Poverty of displaced farm workers driven from the land by political turmoil and the mechanization of farm work/ overcrowding and joblessness in cities as a result of population boom/ religious persecution, particularly of Jews in Eastern Europe

What are the 3 push factors that pushed immigrants out of their countries

Started the most famous settlement house experiment in Chicago in 1889

What did Jane Adams do

Provided basic necessities to the homeless and the poor while preaching the Christian gospel

What did the Salvation Army do

England in 1879

Where did the Salvation Army come from and in what year did they come

Small, windowless rooms that could cram over 4,000 people into one city block

What were tenement apartments

Overcrowding and diseases due to improper conditions

What were tenement apartments famous for

cities that introduced streetcars and electric trollies so that people could live further away from the city

what are streetcar cities

Steel-framed skyscrapers allowed American cities to build upward, increasing business space, raising land values, and transforming urban landscapes.

what did see-framed sky scrapers do for the US

mark twain

who coined the term the gilded age?

he owned a large newspaper empire who’s newspapers strongly influenced public opinion

who was William randolph Hearst?

A major newspaper publisher who owned the New York World.

who was Joseph pulitzer

large political parties that influenced how a city run

what were political machines