Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic Rocks

What does Igneous mean?

Fire-formed rocks.

Where do Intrusive Igneous rocks form?

From magma hardening inside a volcano.

Where do Extrusive Igneous rocks form?

From lava hardening above ground.

Which Igneous rock cools more quickly?

Extrusive (exposed to air and water)

Which Igneous rock cools more slowly?

Intrusive (heat escapes more slowly inside the earth)

Extrusive rocks have _____ grain size and _____ texture.

Smaller, Smoother

Extrusive rocks are mostly how many colors?

One.

Intrusive rocks have _____ grain size and _____ texture.

Larger, Rough

Intrusive rocks are mostly how many colors?

Two or more.

When a rock is light colored, it contains a lot of what element?

Silica

Felsic rocks combine _____ with _____.

Feldspar and Silica (Light Colored)

Intermediate rocks have both _____ and _____ colors.

Light and Dark (Both Felsic and Mafic)

Mafic rocks combine _____ with _____.

Magnesium and Iron (Dark Colored)

Is Obsidian Mafic or Felsic?

Felsic (has high Silica)

Which processes change sedimentary rocks into metamorphic rocks?

Temperature and pressure changes.

Most metamorphic rocks are formed when…

Rocks are subjected to heat and pressure.

Which conflated rock forms only in a zone of contact metamorphism?

Hornfels

The colliding of tectonic plates that forms large mountain ranges is likely to cause what type of metamorphism?

Regional Metamorphism

Which rock is foliated, shows mineral alignment but not banding, and contains medium-sized grains of quartz and pyroxene?

Schist

Limestone turns into what rock when subjected to heat and pressure?

Marble

How are Sedimentary rocks formed?

From compaction and cementation (Lithification)

Where do non-clastic organic rocks form from?

Remains of organisms (Fossils)

Where do non-clastic chemical rocks form from?

Mineral grains dissolved in water.

Metamorphic rocks are classified by _____.

Foliation

Igneous rocks are classified by _____.

Texture (Fine/Coarse-Grained)

Sedimentary rocks are classified by _____.

Clasts (Fragments of Other Rocks)