AP world history review

Siege of Vienna

The unsuccessful Ottoman siege of Vienna in 1683 marked a turning point in the Ottoman Empire's expansion into Europe.

Fall of Constantinople

The fall of Constantinople in 1453 to the Ottoman Empire marked the end of the Byzantine Empire and the beginning of Ottoman dominance in the region.

Introduction of social Darwinism

Social Darwinism emerged in the late 19th century (1880), applying Darwin's theory of natural selection to human societies to justify imperialism and inequality.

13 Colony independence

The Declaration of Independence in 1776 marked the independence of the 13 American colonies from British rule, leading to the formation of the United States.

Mughal Empire development

The Mughal Empire in India began its significant development in 1526 under the leadership of Babur.

Peter the Great westernized Russia

Peter the Great's reign in the late 17th and early 18th centuries saw Russia's modernization and westernization efforts.

Meiji Reforms

The Meiji Restoration in 1868 marked a period of rapid modernization and industrialization in Japan.

WWI start

World War I began in 1914 with the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary.

WWI end

World War I ended in 1918 with the signing of the Treaty of Versailles.

WWII start

World War II began in 1939 with the German invasion of Poland.

WWII end

World War II ended in 1945 after the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and the subsequent surrender of Japan.

Industrial Revolution

The Industrial Revolution started around 1760 in Britain, leading to significant technological advancements and societal changes.

Second Industrial Revolution

The Second Industrial Revolution, starting around 1800, brought innovations in steel, electricity, and chemicals, further transforming industry and society.

Mongol Empire end

The Mongol Empire, established by Genghis Khan, began to decline after his death and eventually fragmented by 1450.