UK challenges

Agribusiness

agriculture conducted on commercial principles, especially using advanced technology.

greenfield sites

Land that has not been built on before, usually in the countryside on the edge of the built-up area.

brownfield sites

Former industrial areas that have been developed before

greenbelts

rings of open space where houses may not be built

impacts of rising population

housing demand

greenhouse gas emissions

demand for water

habitat reduction

pressure on ecosystems

main ecosystems of the uk

\-woodland \n -moorland \n -wetlands \n -heathland

sustainable transport definiton

methods of travel which reduce the need to burn fossil fuels

types of sustainable transport

trains \n carpooling \n buses \n cycling/ cycle routes \n trams \n congestion charge

two speed economy

economies whose industries experience unevenly distributed rates of growth

reasons for a two speed economy in the UK

the north mainly has primary industry \n the north is more mountainous \n more transport systems in the south \n more high paid jobs in the south

Positives of HS2

greater number of jobs \n attempts to decrease the north-south divide by creating a more direct link

Negatives of HS2

houses and fields have to be destroyed to make room \n lack of information \n first trains are not expected until 2030 \n rising prices \n phases have been cancelled, decreasing economic gain

advantages of developing on greenfield sites

lots of space for extra facilities \n higher quality of life due to living near the countryside \n cheaper to develop in comparison to brownfield sites

disadvantages of developing on greenfield sites

for away from transport links \n new roads will need to be built to link the site to the town \n open space will be reduced \n loss of farmland

advantages of developing on brownfield sites

clearing abandoned sites gives the town a facelift \n less controversial \n reduces further countryside loss \n already has transport links and roads near

disadvantages of developing on brownfield sites

expensive \n access may be poor \n people may not want to live there \n no EU funding for the redevelopment

migrant

the action of moving from place to place

emigrant

A person who leaves a country

immagrant

a person who comes into a country and lives there

net migration

The difference between the level of immigration and the level of emigration.

stakeholder

A person or organisation with an interest in a particular place or issue.

national park

a natural area protected and managed by the federal government

what do national parks aim to promote?

sustainable development and the conservation of habitats

what do national parks control?

people allowed to utilise the land and its resources

who owns national parks?

national park authority

who funds national parks?

the government

how to manage a UK national park - LAKE DISTRICT NATIONAL PARK

improve access to public transport \n limit visitor numbers \n build a by-pass around congested towns \n encourage local businesses to use sustainable energy sources

How to manage flooding in SOMERSET LEVELS

divert flood waters from River Parrett to along the River Sowy \n construct embankments along the River Parratt \n Channelisation

how to manage flooding ALONG THE EAST COAST OF ENGLAND

build a new sea wall and use rock armour at the base of the cliff \n use beach replenishment and maintain existing wooden groynes \n use managed retreat of the coast and give people compensation for their losses

how will global climate change affect the UK's climate?

summer temperatures will be higher \n cold winters will be increasingly rare \n winter will be wetter and summer will be drier

Main Impacts of Climate Change

heavier rain \n hotter weather \n rising sea level \n health issues \n wildlife issues

local ways to reduce climate change

sustainable transport \n purchase locally produced food \n solar panels \n recycling

national ways to reduce climate change

governmental campaigns to encourage the reduction of carbon emissions \n alter co2 emissions from agriculture and industry

global ways to reduce climate change

co-operations between governments