Kinesiology Test 2

4 joints of the shoulder complex

1) Sternoclavicular Joint

2) Acromioclavicular joint

3) Glenohumeral joint

4) Scapulothoracic joint

5 muscles of the shoulder girdle

1) Trapezius

2) Levator Scapulae

3) Rhomboid

4) Serratus anterior

5) Pectoralis Minor

Upper Trapezius Origin

Occipital bone

Upper Trapezius Insertion

Outer third of the clavicle and acromion process

Upper Trapezius Action

Scapular Elevation,

upward rotation

Middle Trapezius Origin

Spinous process C7-T3

Middle Trapezius Insertion

Scapular spine

Middle Trapezius Action

Scapular Retraction

Lower Trapezius Origin

Spinous processes of middle and lower thoracic vertebrae

Lower Trapezius Insertion

Base of Scapular Spine

Lower Trapezius Action

Scapular depression

Upward rotation

Levator Scapula Origin

Transverse processes pf C1-C4

Levator Scapula Insertion

vertebral border of the scapula/superior angle

Levator Scapula Action

Scapular elevation

downward rotation

Rhomboid Muscles Origin

Spinous Processes C7-T5

Rhomboid Muscles Insertion

Vertebral border of the scapula

Rhomboid Muscles Action

Scapular retraction

elevation

downward rotation

Serratus Anterior Origin

Lateral surface of ribs 1-8

Serratus Anterior Insertion

Vertebral surface of the scapula, anterior surface

Serratus Anterior Action

Scapular protraction

upward rotation

Pectoralis Minor Origin

Anterior surface of ribs 3-5

Pectoralis Minor Insertion

Coracoid Process of Scapula

Pectoralis Minor Action

Scapular Depression

Protraction

Downward rotation

Shoulder Girdle Retraction

Middle Trapezius

Rhomboids

Shoulder Girdle Protraction

Serratus Anterior

Pectoralis minor

Shoulder Girdle Elevation

Upper Trapezius

Levator scapula

rhomboids

Shoulder Girdle Depression

Lower Trapezius

Pectoralis minor

Shoulder Girdle Upward Rotation

Upper and Lower Trapezius

Serratus Anterior

Shoulder Girdle Downward Rotation

Rhomboids

Levator scapulae

Pectoralis minor

Keeps the head of the humerus "rotating" against the glenoid fossa during joint motion.

Rotator Cuff

Rotator Cuff Muscles

Supraspinatous

Infraspinatus

Teres minor

Subscapularis

Partial dislocation of the humerus at the GH joint and is seen in many CVA patients

Sublaxation

Muscles of the Shoulder Joint

Deltoid

Supraspinatous

Pectoralis Major

Latissimus dorsi

Teres Major

Infraspinatus

Teres Minor

Subscapularis

Coracobrachialis

Deltoid Origin

Anterior- Lateral 1/3 of Clavicle

Middle- Acromion Process

Posterior- Spine of scapula

Deltoid Insertion

Deltoid tuberosity

Deltoid Innervation

Axillary

Deltoid Action

Anterior- Flexion, Medial Rotation, Horizontal Adduction, Abduction

Middle- Abduction

Posterior- Extension, Lateral Rotation, horizontal abduction, abduction

Supraspinatous Origin

Supraspinous fossa or the scapula

Supraspinatous Insertion

Greater Tuberosity humerous

Supraspinatous Action

Shoulder abduction

Pectoralis Major Origin

Clavicle Portion: Medial 1/3 clavicle

Sternal Portion: Sternum

Pectoralis Major Insertion

Bicipital Groove

Pectoralis Major Action

Clavicle Portion: Shoulder Flexion to ~90 deg

Sternal Portion: Shoulder Extension to ~90 deg

Together: Shoulder adduction, MR, horizontal adduction

Latissimus Dorsi Origin

Spinous Processes T7-L5

Latissimus Dorsi Insertion

Bicipital groove

Latissimus Dorsi Action

Shoulder extension

adduction

internal rotation

hyperextension

Teres Major Origin

inferior axillary border of the scapula

Teres Major Insertion

Bicipital Groove

Teres Major Action

Shoulder extension

adduction

IR

Infraspinatus Origin

Infraspinous fossa

Infraspinatus Insertion

Greater tubercle of thehumerous

Infraspinatus Action

Shoulder ER

Horizontal abduction

Teres Minor Origin

Axillary border of the scapula

Teres Minor Insertion

Greater Tubercle

Teres Minor Innervation

Axillary

Teres Minor Action

Shoulder ER

Horizontal abduction

Subscapularis Origin

Subscapular fossa

Subscapularis Insertion

Lesser tubercle

Subscapularis Action

Shoulder IR

Coracobrachialis Origin

Coracoid Process

Coracobrachialis Insertion

middle humerus

Coracobrachialis Innervation

Musculocutaneos

Coracobrachialis Action

flexion

Shoulder Joint flexion

anterior deltoid

pectoralis major

Shoulder Joint Extension

Posterior Deltoid

latissimus dorsi

teres major

pectoralis major

Shoulder Joint hyperextension

latissimus dorsi

posterior deltoid

Shoulder Joint abduction

middle deltoid

supraspinatous

Shoulder Joint adduction

pectoralis major

teres major

latissimus dorsi

Shoulder Joint horizontal abduction

posterior deltoid

infraspinatous

teres minor

Shoulder Joint horizontal adduction

pectoralis major

anterior deltoid

Shoulder Joint Lateral rotation

Infraspinatous

teres major

posterior deltoid

Shoulder Joint medial rotation

latissimus dorsi

teres major

subscapularis

pectoralis major

anterior deltoid

Aides in shoulder stability

Joint capsule, Rotator cuff muscles, Shoulder muscles

Erb's palsy

Often seen in newborns w/ difficult delivery. (Breech birth or large weight)

Characterized by weakness in the arm

Only 10% are permanent

Most common causes of adult shoulder pain

Rotator Cuff tendonitis

Shoulder Impingement

"Winging of the Scapula"

occurs when the inferior angle of the scapula sticks out from the body