LACS !st quarter midterm reviewer

terms mostly

Personal development

ongoing process of improving your awareness, skills, mindset, and overall well-being to become the best version of yourself

Physical development

covers the growth of the body and the brain, motor, and sensory skills, and even physical health

Cognitive development

covers out capacity to learn, speak, understand, reason, and create

Psychosocial development

covers our social interactions with other people, our emotions, attitudes, self-identity, personality, beliefs, and values.

Heredity

inborn traits passed on by the generations of offsprings from both sides of the biological parents’ families.

Environment

The world outside of ourselves and the experiences that result from our contact and interaction with this external world.

Maturation

The natural progression of the brain and the body that affects the cognitive (thinking and intelligence), psychological (emotion, attitude and self identity) and social (relationships) dimensions of a person.

Adolescence

The transition period between childhood and adulthood

Spans ages 10-21

Marked by significant physical, cognitive, social, and emotional changes

Early adolescence 10-13

Also known as the "tween" years

Beginning of major developmental changes

Challenging but exciting time of growth

Middle adolescence 14-17

High school years

Continuation and intensification of earlier changes

Increased focus on identity and future

Late adolescence 18-21

Transition to adulthood

Focus on future plans and responsibilities

Continued personal growth and development, Stabilization

wholeness

concept started with Descartes' concept of duality

which describes a person as having a body and a soul.

Rene Descartes

one of the modern philosophers of our time, influenced much of mankind's thinking with his theory of duality or understanding the nature of things in a simple, dual mode.

In dualism

people perceive things as dual in character.

holistic development

It pertains to a whole person, emphasizing the complete aspects of a person or his totality.

Jan C. Smuts

a South African statesman, military, leader, and philosopher who wrote about Holism and Evolution.

Jan Christian Smuts

(WHOLE NAME)

defined holism as the tendency in nature to form wholes that are greater than the sum of the parts through creative evolution.

holo

whole

holism

refers to the theory that all parts of a whole are intimately interconnected. According to it, it's a mistake to study just one part, or even multiple parts separately, if we really want to understand how they work together.

Physiological

refers to physical changes in the body as well as the senses and changes in skills related to movements.

Cognitive

or intellectual functions of the mind. This is the growth of an individual to think and to create reasoning.

Psychological

how a person thinks, feels, and behaves. This helps you with decisionmaking situations, time management, stress, and conflict situations.

Social

is about the manner an individual interacts with other individuals or groups. Social includes the influences of parents, peers, temperament, or a strong sense of self, and sometimes critical life experiences

Spirituality

embodies a person's consciousness, beliefs, values and virtues. This is finding yourself and connecting yourself as well as the world around you.

Stress

The reaction of the mind and body to a stimulus that disturbs the well-being, state of calm, or equilibrium of a person.

Eustress

positive stress

Distress

negative stress

STRESS as stimulus

Stress is caused by situations

Separation, Change of Residence (New Home), New Job

STRESS as response

The way the body reacts to challenging situations (hormones, adrenal glands and nervous system)

Another response of the body is the production of stress hormone, which triggers the body's reactions such as - an increased heart rate, higher blood pressure, and respiration.

Stress can cause AGING

cortisol

the stress hormone

STRESS as relational

A person experiencing stress take a step back to look at the situation that is causing the stress and assess it.

Fitness activities

refer to any structured or unstructured physical actions that improve or maintain one's health, stamina, strength, and flexibility.

These can be intentional (like going for a run) or incorporated into daily life (like climbing stairs).

Examples of fitness activities

1. Exercise

2. Mindfulness-based movement

3. Recreational activities

Exercise

is any physical or mental activity that is done to improve or maintain health, fitness, or skill. It can be as simple as stretching in the morning or as structured as a full workout routine.

Aerobic exercise

is any rhythmic, sustained physical activity that increases your heart rate and breathing, allowing your body to use oxygen efficiently to produce energy over time.

Anaerobic exercise

is a type of physical activity that involves short bursts of high-intensity effort where your body relies on energy sources stored in the muscles rather than oxygen.

The term literally means “without oxygen.”

Flexibility

is the ability to bend, adapt, or adjust— physically, mentally, or emotionally—without breaking or losing effectiveness. It's a key trait in both fitness and life, helping us move freely, think creatively, and respond to change with resilience.

Body composition

refers to the proportions of fat, muscle, bone, water, and other tissues that make up your body. Unlike just measuring weight, it gives a clearer picture of your overall health and fitness by showing what your body is actually made of.

Fat mass

essential and stored fats

Lean mass

muscles, organs, skin

Bone mass

weight and density of bones

water content

the amount of fluid in the body, crucial for metabolism and circulation

Body composition matters because:

Helps assess health risks like obesity, diabetes, or osteoporosis

Guides fitness goals (e.g., building muscle vs. losing fat)

Tracks progress more accurately than weight alone

Mindfulness activities

help you focus your attention on the present moment, with openness, curiosity, and without judgment. It is designed to calm the mind, regulate emotions, and enhance awareness of your thoughts, body, and surroundings.

Recreational Activities

are things people do during their free time for enjoyment, relaxation, or personal fulfillment. They're not just fun — they also help reduce stress, boost creativity, and improve physical and mental wellbeing.

OUTDOOR ACTIVITIES:

Hiking or nature walks

Swimming or cycling

Playing sports like basketball or volleyball

Camping or fishing

Surfing or kayaking

CREATIVE & ARTISTIC ACTIVITIES:

Painting, drawing, or pottery

Playing musical instruments

Dancing or photography

DIY crafts or home decorating

SOCIAL & ENTERTAINMENT ACTIVITIES:

Board games or video games

Watching movies or attending concerts

Visiting museums or amusement parks

Joining school-based organizations and clubs