ch 1 worksheets

thursday 8/10

what standard word parts make up most medical terms?

suffix, prefix, root word, and combining forms

which 2 languages do most medical terms come from?

greek and latin

what is the most commonly used combining vowel?

“o”

when is a combining vowel *not* used?

when the suffix begins with a vowel

what does *dissect/dissection* mean?

to cut open or take apart for medical purpose

what do medical terms ending in the letter combo *ae* signify?

they signify that they’re plural

term for a state of physiological balance in the body

homeostasis

term used to describe the study of cells

cytology

the “controlling” structure of the cell

nucleus

positive-charge ion

cation

negative-charge ion

anion

what is *pH*?

a measurement of how much acid or base is present

muscle cells

long and slender

epithelial cells

flat and square

fat cell

contains large, empty spaces

nerve cells

long, with several fibrous extensions

skeletal muscle, attached to ____

bones

cardiac muscle, found in ____

the heart

smooth (visceral) muscle, found in ____

walls of hollow organs

what is a *condition*

acute (short term)

what is a *disease*

chronic (long term)

benign (definition)

a nonrecurring, nonmalignant cancer

neoplastic (definition)

an abnormal growth, even if it is noncancerous

ischemic stroke (definition)

a temporary deficiency in blood flow to the brain

genetic disease

inherited from one’s biological parents

debilitating disease

has a weakening or fatiguing effect

nosocomial infection

acquired in a hospital setting and was not present upon admission

epidemic

widespread outbreak of a disease that occurs within a country

iatrogenic (definition)

a condition that occurs as a result of a certain treatment

ex) hair loss after chemotherapy for cancer treatment

convalescence

time period of recovery after an illness or injury

opportunistic

a pathogen that normally does not cause disease in healthy people but may cause someone with a weakened immune system to get sick

idiopathic condition

a disease that does not have any known cause

exogenus condition

occurs because of an external factor, such as trauma or an airborne virus

congenital disorder

a condition that is present at birth

syndrome

a set of signs or symptoms that occur together as part of a disease process

auscultation

the process of listening to body sounds using a stethoscope

diagnostic testing

the use of lab tests, x-rays, and other diagnostic tools to identify a condition

inspection

the process of observing one or more areas of the body

manifestation

clinical presentation

olfaction

the use of smell to detect abnormalities

palpation

the use of pressure on the skin above internal organs or structures

percussion

tapping on surface areas of the body to produce a vibrating sound

prognosis

prediction of the probable outcome of a condition

signs

objective observations

symptoms

a patient’s awareness of abnormalities or discomfort

anatomy (definition)

the study of the structures of the body

physiology (definition)

the study of the functions of the structures of the body

anatomical position

when a person is standing **upright** with the head and feet facing **forward**, arms at the **sides**, and palms of the hands facing **forward**

transverse plane

sections body horizontally

sagittal plane

vertical plane running from front of body to back

frontal plane

vertical plane running from side to side

erect (body position)

normal standing position

supine (body position)

lying face flat with the face up

prone (body position)

lying flat with the face down

fowler’s position (body position)

a semi-sitting position, head of bed elevated

sims’ position (body position)

lying on side with hip and knee straight, and the other hip and knee bent or flexed

lateral (body position)

left or right side; lying position

knee-chest (body position)

lying face down with knees bent while resting on knees and chest

cranial cavity

consists of brain

thoracic cavity

consists of heart and lungs

abdominal cavity

consists of stomach and gallbladder

pelvic cavity

consists of urinary bladder and uterus

hypochondriac (meaning)

someone who is always anxious about having or developing an illness

epigastric region

located above the stomach

hypogastric (meaning)

pertaining to (lying or being located) below the stomach