Week 6: Musculoskeletal System Terminology

Vocabulary flashcards covering prefixes, suffixes, and clinical terms related to the musculoskeletal system.

Myo

Muscle

Myopathy

Muscle disease

Myalgia

Muscle pain

Myositis

Inflammation of muscle tissue

Myotomy

Incision into the muscle

Hyper

Excessive (abnormal increase)

Hyperthermia

Abnormal increase in body temperature

Hyperemia

Excess of blood in a specific part of the body

Erythema

Redness

-trophy

Growth or development

Hypertrophy

Enlargement or increase in size of tissue due to an increase in the size of individual tissue cells, where no new cells are being created

Atrophy

Shrinkage of tissue due to disuse, nerve damage, or disease

Dystrophy

Abnormal or poor growth

-plasia

Formation / development of tissue

Hyperplasia

Abnormal / excessive increase in size of a tissue or organ due to an increase of normal cell numbers

Chondrodysplasia

A disorder that is an abnormal formation of tissue

Neoplasia

New uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells (cancer)

Tri

Three

Quad

Four

Plegia

Paralysis

Quadriplegia

Paralysis of all 4 limbs

Paraplegia

Lower limb paralysis

Hemiplegia

Half body paralysis

Paresis

Severe weakness of muscle

Arthro / arth

Joint

Chond / chondro

Cartilage

Osteochondivinis (ocal)

Developmental disease in young growing dogs that affects the cartilage development of long bones such as the femur or humerus

Costo

Ribs

Costochondral

Junction between the bony and cartilaginous ribs

Cortex

Outer part of an organ

Medulla

Inner part of an organ

Epi-

Means on or over

Epiphysis

End portion of a long bone involved in joint formation

Avulsion

Tearing away at a tissue caused by trauma

Luxation

Complete dislocation of a joint

Subluxation

Partial dislocation of a joint

Crepitus

Describes crackling or a grating sensation associated with fractures or arthritis