TEST 2 AGRICULTURE

Swine/Sheep/Goats

What are the swine operations?

Farrow to wean - Finishing operations - farrow to finish - purebred/seedstock - integrated corporate operations

What is farrow to wean?

swine operation - breeding herd

What is finishing operations?

swine operations - feeder pigs grown to market

What is farrow to finish?

swine operations - pigs produced + finished for market, bring in semen

What is purebred/seedstock operations?

swine operations - produces boars, gitts, show pigs

What is integrated corporate operations?

swine operations - farrow to finish and own seedstock operations

Dressing % average for pigs?

72% (65-77)

What is the dressing % avg mainly affected by?

fat and muscle, gut fill, fleece length

How to animals get fat?

front to back

How do you find the muscle %?

Ib muscle / hot carcass weight x 100

What are the 3 pork classifications?

PSE - DFD - RFN

What is RFN?

Red, firm, and nonexudative

What is PSE?

Pink, soft, and exudated

What is DFD?

dark, firm, and dry

What are the 3 goat industry enterprises?

Dairy, Fiber, and Meat

What type of sheep is mainly used for fiber?

angora

What type of sheep is mainly used for meat?

boer

What are the two production systems?

Range and Farmflock

What is Range?

A production system - migratory (majority) and fenced (TX)

What is Farmflock and the % lambing crop?

A production system - defined by operation size, usually purebred, 150-200% lambing crop

What are the stages of production?

Breeding and lambing

What is lambing?

a production stage - Clip (umbilical cord), Dip (in iodine), Strip (mama teet)

What is Scrapie?

Codon 154 - disease - blood test required - scrapie tag required

What are the different gene identifications to disease?

RR, QR, QQ

What is RR?

disease resistant and no gene

What is QR?

disease resistant and has a gene

What is QQ?

disease non resistant and has a gene

What is the avg dressing % for sheep?

50-52%

What is the determining PYG factor?

fat thickness in the 12 and 13th ribs

What are the major cuts of a lamb?

leg, loin, rack, shoulder

What are the three quality grades for lamb?

maturity, flank streaking, conformation

What is maturity quality grade for lambs?

Looks at teeth (0 = less than 1 yr, 2 = 1-2 yr, 4 = 3-4 yr, all = over 4 yr) - break joint and spool joint

What is a break joint?

clean break, lamb

What is a spool joint?

jagged break, mutton

What is flank streaking for quality grade lamb?

fat deposit - estimated marbling - blue tinged carcass

What does a blue tinged carcass look like?

skinny

What is conformation in a quality grade lamb?

leg score

What is a leg score?

Visually determining the amount of muscle in a lamb by looking at the back of their hind legs

What are the grades for quality and choice meats?

Prime+, Prime, Prime-, Choice+, Choice, Choice-

What does NR stand for? What does it mean?

Stands for “no role”, means that the grade of meat is below Choice- and is lightweight or underfinished