PRAXIS Elementary Education: Multiple Subjects Social Studies (5004) Practice Test Questions (forms 1 and 2)

Which of the following best describes why a democratic government regulates the economy?

A.)To guarantee fair elections

B.)To protect civil rights

C.)To provide federal jobs

D.)To ensure financial stability

D.To ensure financial stability

Which of the following statements best describes the historical settlement of the present-day United States?

A.)European powers cooperated with one another to colonize new territories.

B.)The area was primarily populated from the East Coast to the West Coast.

C.)Internal migration was discouraged by local government officials.

D.)Large groups of Native Americans were assimilated into European settlements.

B.)The area was primarily populated from the East Coast to the West Coast.

Which of the following most contributes to the cultural cohesion of a community?

A.Diverse climate

B.Common language

C.Natural resources

D.Market economy

B.Common language

Which of the following conflicts contributed to an agreement between British colonies known as the Albany Plan?

A.American Revolution

B.King Philip's War

C.French and Indian War

D.War of 1812

C.French and Indian War

The following excerpt is a portion of a letter from George Washington to Henry Knox in February, 1787.

"If three years ago, any person had of told me that at this day, I should see such a formidable rebellion against the laws and constitutions of our own making as now appears, I should have thought him a bedlamite (insane person)—fit subject for a madhouse..."

Which of the following rebellions is discussed in this excerpt?

A.Shays' Rebellion

B.Nat Turner's Rebellion

C.The Whiskey Rebellion

D.Stono Rebellion

A.Shays' Rebellion

Which TWO of the following natural resources were European explorers trying to acquire during the early exploration of North America?

A.Platinum

B.Zinc

C.Gold

D.Iron

E.Silver

F.Ivory

C.Gold

E.Silver

Which of the following developments prompted the United States Congress to pass the USA PATRIOT Act?

A.A Middle East oil embargo in 1973

B.The start of the Iran-Iraq War

C.An attack by terrorists in 2001

D.The outbreak of the Cuban missile crisis

C.An attack by terrorists in 2001

Which of the following actions would a government most likely take to encourage economic growth?

A.Lowering interest rates

B.Raising income taxes

C.Increasing federal regulations

D.Decreasing federal spending

A.Lowering interest rates

Which of the following doubled the size of the United States?

A.The Gadsden Purchase

B.The Louisiana Purchase

C.The annexation of Texas

D.The cession of Florida

B.The Louisiana Purchase

The following narrative is from The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavus Vassa (1789).

"I remember, in the vessel in which I was brought over, in the men's apartment, there were several brothers . . . sold in different lots; and it was very moving on this occasion, to see and hear their cries at parting."

Which of the following eighteenth-century practices is described by this narrative?

A.Imperialism

B.Mercantilism

C.Chattel slavery

D.Indentured servitude

C.Chattel slavery

Which TWO factors contributed to the failure of the Articles of Confederation?

A.Congress abused its power to tax.

B.Congress overregulated foreign trade.

C.States printed local currencies.

D.The executive branch abused its power to negotiate treaties.

E.The federal government was unable to enforce laws

C.States printed local currencies.

E.The federal government was unable to enforce laws

"With the existing colonies or dependencies of any European power we have not interfered and shall not interfere. But with the Governments who have declared their independence and maintain it, and whose independence we have, on great consideration and on just principles, acknowledged, we could not view any interposition for the purpose of oppressing them, or controlling in any other manner their destiny, by any European power in any other light than as the manifestation of an unfriendly disposition toward the United States." United States president, 1823

Which of the following is most associated with this speech?

A.Monroe Doctrine

B.Roosevelt Corollary

C.Louisiana Purchase

D.Missouri Compromise

A.Monroe Doctrine

"I am of the opinion that when once these rebels have felt a smart blow, they will submit; and no situation can ever change my fixed resolution...." King George III

Which of the following is most related to the topic discussed in this excerpt?

A.The Declaration of Independence

B.The Louisiana Purchase

C.The Constitution of the United States

D.The Treaty of Paris of 1763

A.The Declaration of Independence

Which of the following best describes how the increasing popularity of automobiles transformed the United States during the early twentieth century?

A.The percentage of people who lived in rural areas increased.

B.The number of roads that were paved increased.

C.The percentage of minorities who voted increased.

D.The number of mass transit systems that were built increased.

B.The number of roads that were paved increased.

Which of the following maps would most likely be used in distinguishing cultural regions?

A.A world map of languages

B.A North American topographical map

C.A world map of natural resources

D.A precipitation map of Europe

A.A world map of languages

"The Conventions of a number of the States having at the time of their adopting the Constitution, expressed a desire, in order to prevent misconstruction or abuse of its powers, that further declaratory and restrictive clauses should be added." (1789)

Which of the following documents resolved the issue described by this excerpt?

A.The Federalist papers

B.The Articles of Confederation

C.The Annals of Congress

D.The Bill of Rights

D.The Bill of Rights

Which of the following is recognized by three of the world's major religions as a holy city?

A.Mecca

B.Cairo

C.Jerusalem

D.Tehran

C.Jerusalem

Which entrepreneur is most associated with the information revolution that developed in Silicon Valley?

A.Malcolm Stevenson Forbes, Jr.

B.Thomas Alva Edison

C.Alexander Graham Bell

D.Steven Paul Jobs

D.Steven Paul Jobs

Which of the following best describes how the farming techniques used by the Inca developed?

A.Vast plains resulted in pastoral farming.

B.Annual flooding resulted in the development of commercial farms.

C.Steep mountains resulted in the development of terrace farms.

D.Lack of rainfall resulted in dry farming.

C.Steep mountains resulted in the development of terrace farms.

Which of the following was written to raise public support for the ratification of the United States Constitution?

A.The South Carolina Exposition

B.The Articles of Confederation

C.The Virginia Declaration of Rights

D.The Federalist Papers

D.The Federalist Papers

(The Federalist papers were series of 85 essays written by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay urging the citizens of New York to ratify the new United States Constitution)

Which of the following best protects the security of citizens in a democracy?

A.Limiting the number of potential candidates in elections

B.Ensuring that voters are well-informed about elections

C.Compensating candidates for money spent in elections

D.Mandating that voters participate in elections

B.Ensuring that voters are well-informed about elections

Which of the following countries did the United States come into conflict with as a result of the annexation of the Republic of Texas?

A.Mexico

B.France

C.Canada

D.Spain

A.Mexico

Which of the following best describes President Woodrow Wilson's main justification for the entry of the United States into World War I?

A.The threat of communism around the world needed to be eliminated.

B.The world needed to be made safe for democracy.

C.The Allied Powers demanded that war reparations be paid by Germany.

D.The Central Powers launched an attack against a United States naval base

B.The world needed to be made safe for democracy.

Which of the following amendments to the United States Constitution extended the right to vote to women?

A.Eighteenth Amendment

B.Nineteenth Amendment

C.Twentieth Amendment

D.Twenty-First Amendment

B.Nineteenth Amendment

-Availability of abundant natural resources

-Federal laws enacted to protect property rights

-Extensive patent laws passed

Which of the following developments was made possible as a result of the factors listed above?

A.The Great Depression

B.The Great Awakening

C.The Industrial Revolution

D.The Great Recession

C.The Industrial Revolution

Which of the following topics is most related to the Roman "Twelve Tables"?

A.Art

B.Architecture

C.Philosophy

D.Law

D.Law

Which of the following events resulted in the United States gaining control of the Philippines?

A.The Vietnam War

B.World War I

C.The Korean War

D.Spanish-American War

D.Spanish-American War

"...a Firm League of Friendship with each other, against all force offered to, or attacks made upon them..." (1781)

Which of the following documents outlines the objectives referred to in this excerpt?

A.The Declaration of Independence

B.The Articles of Confederation

C.The Mayflower Compact

D.The Bill of Rights

B.The Articles of Confederation

Which of the following scenarios would most directly increase a nation's gross domestic product?

A.A rise in unemployment rates

B.A rapid growth in population

C.A rise in the price of exported goods

D.A decision to implement economic sanctions

C.A rise in the price of exported goods

Which of the following best describes the prime meridian?

A.Longitude line that divides Earth into Eastern and Western Hemispheres

B.Line of latitude that divides Earth into Northern and Southern Hemispheres

C.Longitude line that demarcates the change of the calendar day

D.Line of latitude that marks the most northerly point on a map

A.Longitude line that divides Earth into Eastern and Western Hemispheres

Which of the following describes the primary purpose of cross-cultural comparisons?

A.To determine which culture is superior

B.To establish the land rights of a cultural group

C.To identify traits shared between cultures

D.To predict cultural migration patterns

C.To identify traits shared between cultures

-Rich soil

-Abundant fishing grounds

-Access to freshwater

Which of the following actions by European colonists was most affected by these factors?

A.Creation of new maps

B.Trading with Native Americans

C.Founding of settlements

D.Development of plantations

C.Founding of settlements

Which of the following describes one outcome of the Battle of Saratoga?

A.The British government gave the colonists equal representation in Parliament.

B.The colonists formed a military alliance with Mexico against the British.

C.The battle immediately led to the surrender of all British forces in the American colonies.

D.The American victory convinced France to form a military alliance with the colonists.

D.The American victory convinced France to form a military alliance with the colonists.

Which of the following events contributed to the outbreak of the Spanish-American War?

A.Interception of the Zimmermann telegram

B.Bombing of a United States naval base

C.A naval confrontation in the Gulf of Tonkin

D.The sinking of a United States battleship

D.The sinking of a United States battleship

Which of the following is best described as the study of individual economic behavior?

A.Microeconomics

B.Macroeconomics

C.Social economics

D.Institutional economics

A.Microeconomics

Which of the following architectural innovations is attributed to classical Greece?

A.Aqueduct

B.Minaret

C.Ionic column

D.Flying buttress

C.Ionic column

Which of the following would most contribute to an entrepreneur's success?

A.Tariffs and exports

B.Labor and exports

C.Capital and tariffs

D.Labor and capital

D.Labor and capital

Which of the following best characterizes a resource as scarce?

A.The production of the resource exceeds the demand for it.

B.The resource is renewable.

C.The consumer demand for the resource exceeds the amount available.

D.The government subsidizes the resource.

C.The consumer demand for the resource exceeds the amount available.

Which of the following objectives is expressly stated in the preamble to the Constitution?

A.Providing for the common defense and establishing political parties

B.Providing for the common defense and establishing justice

C.Insuring domestic tranquility and establishing voting procedures

D.Promoting the general welfare and establishing political parties

B.Providing for the common defense and establishing justice

Which of the following describes a physical characteristic that a developer would use when planning a residential community?

A.Evaluating the quality of local schools

B.Assessing the median income of the surrounding communities

C.Calculating the potential growth of neighboring businesses

D.Analyzing the proximity to flood zones

D.Analyzing the proximity to flood zones

Which of the following rights is most characteristic of a democracy?

A.The right to achieve financial security

B.The right to worship in a government church

C.The right to participate in the electoral process

D.The right to a publicly funded education

C.The right to participate in the electoral process

Which of the following officials is the chief executive at the state level of government?

A.Ambassador

B.Governor

C.Senator

D.Mayor

B.Governor

Which of the following best describes why the Amazon Basin is considered a region?

A.The tributaries of the Amazon River drain into the Atlantic Ocean.

B.The indigenous people living in the Amazon rain forest speak the same language.

C.Seasonal rainfall in the Amazon rain forest is consistent throughout the year.

D.Physical characteristics are influenced by the tributaries of the Amazon River.

D.Physical characteristics are influenced by the tributaries of the Amazon River.

Which of the following actions is considered primarily a duty of local governments?

A.Negotiating with foreign leaders

B.Organizing school systems

C.Printing paper currency

D.Establishing border security

B.Organizing school systems

Which of the following describes the primary reason for the establishment of time zones in the United States?

A.To create uniform borders between states

B.To align all cities with the prime meridian

C.To improve the efficiency of transportation

D.To maintain physical national boundaries

C.To improve the efficiency of transportation

Which of the following amendments to the United States Constitution was used to justify segregation?

A.Tenth

B.Sixth

C.Fifth

D.Third

A.Tenth

Which TWO of the following locations are the best examples of how human interaction can affect the environment?

A.The Grand Canyon

B.The Hoover Dam

C.Niagara Falls

D.Grand Teton

E.Mount Rushmore

B.The Hoover Dam

E.Mount Rushmore

Ramon can spend his time creating calligraphy cards or baking muffins. He chooses to bake muffins.

Which of the following economic terms best describes the calligraphy cards in this scenario?

A.Scarce resource

B.Production cost

C.Opportunity cost

D.Factor of production

C.Opportunity cost

(opportunity cost is the value of the next-highest-valued alternative, which in this case would be the cards.)

Which of the following actions is the direct result of how humans impact the environment?

A.Erosion

B.Earthquake

C.Mudslide

D.Deforestation

D.Deforestation

Which of the following best explains why Presidents Franklin D. Roosevelt and Ronald Reagan used deficit spending?

A.To stimulate weak economies

B.To regulate financial markets

C.To promote territorial expansion

D.To prevent racial inequality

A.To stimulate weak economies

Which of the following best describes a reasonable application of how geography can be used to interpret the past?

A.To understand how the discovery of gold affected the development of California

B.To analyze the potential hazards of overcrowding in urban areas

C.To determine the longitude and latitude of the capital of Nebraska

D.To calculate the topographical features of a specific region

A.To understand how the discovery of gold affected the development of California

The following excerpt was written on July 4, 1776.

"When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another . . . "

Which of the following individuals was the author of this document?

A.Patrick Henry

B.James Madison

C.Thomas Jefferson

D.George Washington

C.Thomas Jefferson

Which of the following organizations was most responsible for the increased tensions over the shortage of a natural resource during the 1970s?

A.World Customs Organization

B.Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries

C.World Trade Organization

D.North Atlantic Treaty Organization

B.Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries

Which of the following is one characteristic of a democracy?

A.Citizens participate in the fair election of government officials.

B.Government power is controlled by a few individuals.

C.Government power is controlled by a single monarch.

D.Citizens are punished for criticizing government officials

A.Citizens participate in the fair election of government officials.

Sixteenth-century European explorers sought to discover alternative trade routes to which of the following?

A.Australia

B.North Africa

C.South America

D.Asia

D.Asia

Which of the following is a responsibility of a citizen of the United States?

A. Participating in a protest

B. Starting a business

C. Attending a university

D. Volunteering in a community

D. Volunteering in a community

Which of the following views of the globe includes the region in which Japan is located?

*picture on back of card*

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ANSWER: C

The relative scarcity of arable land in China led to which of the following patterns in Chinese social life?

A. Extensive low-intensity agriculture with an emphasis on grazing animals

B. Equal population density across all zones and assignment of the right to inherit land to the first-born child

C. Limited agricultural surplus and difficulty in sustaining large-scale states

D. Early development of intensive agricultural cultivation techniques

D. Early development of intensive agricultural cultivation techniques

Which of the following is an effect of the Gulf Stream?

A. North America is significantly dryer and colder than it otherwise would be.

B. The North Atlantic has the most unstable weather of any ocean on Earth.

C. Travel time for ships and aircraft is much shorter from Europe to North America than from North America to Europe.

D. The climate of Western Europe is significantly warmer and milder than it otherwise would be.

D. The climate of Western Europe is significantly warmer and milder than it otherwise would be.

The Russian people's interest in acquiring and wearing American blue jeans is an example of

A. cultural diversity

B. cultural diffusion

C. cultural adaptation

D. acculturation

B. cultural diffusion

Which of the following statements best describes gender role?

A. Gender role is the sex group (male or female) to which the individual belongs.

B. Gender role consists of the set of behaviors society considers appropriate for each sex group.

C. Gender role consists of actions taken by individuals to eliminate gender stereotypes.

D. Gender role consists of fixed, culturally invariant expectations for each sex group.

B. Gender role consists of the set of behaviors society considers appropriate for each sex group.

During the era of classical civilizations, which of the following primarily drove interaction between the Roman and Han empires?

A. Religious conversion

B. Trade in luxury goods

C. Common interest in Daoism

D. Geopolitical rivalry

B. Trade in luxury goods

Which of the following is an important provision of the Treaty of Versailles, signed at the end of the First World War?

A. Germany maintained control of Alsace-Lorraine.

B. Germany's colonial territories achieved independence and were admitted to the League of Nations.

C. Germany had to take responsibility for Allied war losses by accepting a "war guilt" clause.

D. Russia and the United States agreed to participate in peacekeeping operations under the control of the League of Nations.

C. Germany had to take responsibility for Allied war losses by accepting a "war guilt" clause.

Which of the following Native American cultures is known for its complex temples and pyramids and its cultivation of maize?

A. Mohican

B. Pequot

C. Hopi

D. Aztec

D. Aztec

Which colony had the highest proportion of German settlers during the colonial period?

A. Massachusetts

B. Pennsylvania

C. New York

D. Virginia

B. Pennsylvania

The correspondence between which of the following couples, in which the wife urged her husband, "Remember the ladies," is viewed by historians as an early illustration of the interest and activism of women in national policy?

A. George and Martha Washington

B. John and Abigail Adams

C. James and Dolley Madison

D. Andrew and Rachel Jackson

B. John and Abigail Adams

Which of the following issues did the Three-Fifths Compromise at the Constitutional Convention of 1787 resolve?

A. How to determine the number of senators granted each state in the Congress

B. How to account for slaves for both the purposes of representation of states in the House of Representatives and of taxation of states by the national government

C. How to determine federal compensation to states that forfeited western land claims

D. How to determine how the revenue from tariffs on imported goods would be distributed between the federal government and the states

B. How to account for slaves for both the purposes of representation of states in the House of Representatives and of taxation of states by the national government

What did the United States Supreme Court conclude in its 1857 ruling on the Dred Scott case?

A. The importation of slaves from Africa was illegal.

B. Slaves were free once their owners took them to free states.

C. Slaves had no legal right to sue for their freedom.

D. Slaves could be freed once their owners died

C. Slaves had no legal right to sue for their freedom.

In 1920 the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution was passed in order to

A. establish the right to a trial by jury

B. abolish slavery

C. guarantee freedom of speech

D. guarantee women the right to vote

D. guarantee women the right to vote

The Truman Doctrine justified which of the following United States policies?

A. Aiding Greece and Turkey after the Second World War

B. Participating in the United Nations

C. Selling of arms to Iran

D. Intervening in Nicaragua

A. Aiding Greece and Turkey after the Second World War

Which of the following contributed to a decline in the prices of farm goods in the late-nineteenth-century United States?

A. Shortages of agricultural machinery caused by labor strikes

B. Shortages of arable land

C. Overproduction of agricultural products

D. The aftermath of the Civil War

C. Overproduction of agricultural products

Which of the following exemplifies the Constitution's federalist structure?

A. The separation of powers among the executive, legislative, and judicial branches

B. The Full Faith and Credit clause of Article IV of the Constitution

C. The Supremacy clause of Article VI of the Constitution

D. The Tenth Amendment's division of power between national and state governments

D. The Tenth Amendment's division of power between national and state governments

Which of the following statements is consistent with the ideas of Thomas Hobbes and helped to influence the writing of the United States Constitution?

A. The power to govern was a divine right granted to kings by God, which people were obliged to accept.

B. The power to govern was endowed in individuals who organized a government and decreed communal ownership of the means of production.

C. No order exists in a state of nature, and therefore people need to surrender some of their power and form a government to create order.

D. Government is an evil and corrupting influence and should be replaced by a utopian society based on free will.

C. No order exists in a state of nature, and therefore people need to surrender some of their power and form a government to create order.

Which of the following is required for an individual to cast a ballot in any federal election in the United States?

A. Membership in a political party

B. A valid driver's license

C. Voter registration

D. Payment of a poll tax

C. Voter registration

Which of the following is true of the effect of high tariffs on an economy in the long run?

A. They increase the market for exports.

B. They decrease employment in the industries protected by the tariff.

C. They benefit some groups at the expense of others.

D. They encourage industries protected by the tariff to be more efficient and competitive.

C. They benefit some groups at the expense of others.

In which of the following types of economies do the government and central planners play the largest part in deciding how resources are used and distributed to the people?

A. Capitalist

B. Command

C. Free market

D. Traditional

B. Command

Which resource would be most useful to a researcher who is studying the significance of the Suez Canal, the Strait of Hormuz, and the Strait of Gibraltar?

A. A table with currency exchange rates between the United States and European countries

B. A map of the countries located between the North Atlantic and the Arabian Sea

C. A bar graph showing the number of democratic nations in the Middle East

D. A diary entry describing a traveler's encounters along the Silk Road

B. A map of the countries located between the North Atlantic and the Arabian Sea

Which of the following can be determined from the map on the back?

A. Australia contains both hyperarid and arid regions.

B. Northern Africa's climate is primarily arid.

C. South Africa's climate is primarily arid and semiarid.

D. Eastern South America's climate is primarily semiarid.

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C. South Africa's climate is primarily arid and semiarid.

Which of the following is the most effective method for a farmer to use to minimize the effects of a drought?

A. Using greenhouses

B. Building terraces

C. Using drip irrigation

D. Flooding fields

C. Using drip irrigation

Based on the illustration on the back, which of the following pairs best describes the relative amount of precipitation and temperature variation for the areas west and east of the mountain range?

Areas West & Areas East

A. More precipitation & More-moderate temperatures

B. More precipitation & More-extreme temperatures

C. Less precipitation & More-moderate temperatures

D. Less precipitation & More-extreme temperatures

scroll for answer

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.B. More precipitation & More-extreme temperatures

Which of the following was a major effect of the New Deal in the United States?

A. Increased federal government spending

B. Decreased involvement in foreign affairs

C. Decreased wages for government workers

D. Increased privatization of industries

A. Increased federal government spending

Which of the following describes a significant effect of deforestation in South America?

A. Reduction of transportation hubs

B. Decreased demand for arable land

C. Increased threats to wildlife habitats

D. Decrease in foreign trade

C. Increased threats to wildlife habitats

Which of the following describes the effect of the interstate highway system on life in the United States?

A. Increased suburban development

B. Increased education funding

C. Decreased use of airline transportation

D. Decreased demand for overseas goods

A. Increased suburban development

Which of the following events was the context for the Gettysburg Address?

A. The dedication of a national cemetery during the American Civil War

B. The opening of an immigrant processing center during the Gilded Age

C. The attack on a battleship at the start of the Spanish-American War

D. The annexation of new territory during the era of western expansion

A. The dedication of a national cemetery during the American Civil War

Which of the following is one governmental power established by the Articles of Confederation?

A. The creation of an equitable system of taxation

B. The ability to negotiate with foreign governments

C. The establishment of a powerful executive branch

D. The establishment of a system of national courts

B. The ability to negotiate with foreign governments

Which of the following most contributed to the growth of factory production in the United States during the early 1800s?

A. Rise in labor union membership

B. Introduction of new technologies

C. Creation of vocational programs

D. Increase in government regulations

B. Introduction of new technologies

Which of the following colonies was established as a haven for English Catholics?

A. Massachusetts

B. Maryland

C. South Carolina

D. New Hampshire

B. Maryland

Which of the following inventors is most associated with the use of the assembly line?

A. Henry Ford

B. Thomas Alva Edison

C. Alexander Graham Bell

D. Nikola Tesla

A. Henry Ford

Which of the following events is recognized as the end of the American Civil War?

A. The second Battle of Bull Run

B. The election of Abraham Lincoln

C. The secession of South Carolina

D. The Battle of Appomattox Court House

D. The Battle of Appomattox Court House

Which of the following actions led to United States involvement in the First World War?

A. The bombing of naval bases in the Pacific

B. The surrender of military forces from Russia

C. The invasion of neutral territories by Germany

D. The use of submarine warfare in the Atlantic

D. The use of submarine warfare in the Atlantic

Which of the following presidents expanded the United States space program by establishing the goal of landing astronauts on the Moon?

A. Harry S. Truman

B. Dwight Eisenhower

C. John F. Kennedy

D. Gerald Ford

C. John F. Kennedy

Which of the following describes the use of a natural resource in the development of early Mesopotamian society?

A. Irrigating crops with river water

B. Hunting animals on plateaus

C. Farming crops on terraced hillsides

D. Navigating ships on oceans

A. Irrigating crops with river water

Which of the following examples describes an action performed by the federal government?

A. Collecting property taxes to fund public schools

B. Establishing trade agreements with other nations

C. Determining zoning guidelines for urban development

D. Raising sales taxes on major goods

B. Establishing trade agreements with other nations

During the late nineteenth century, in which of the following ways did churches in the United States respond to the social problems resulting from the industrialism of the previous decades?

A. They aligned themselves with and financed the political agendas of organized labor.

B. They lobbied Congress to pass laws guaranteeing social security for all citizens.

C. They subsidized efforts to build small homes for the working poor.

D. They built and maintained mission schools, orphanages, and homes for the aged.

D. They built and maintained mission schools, orphanages, and homes for the aged.

Which of the following physical features provided a natural barrier against the growth of British colonies in North America?

A. The Gulf of Mexico

B. The Appalachian Mountains

C. The Mississippi River

D. The Rocky Mountains

B. The Appalachian Mountains

Which of the following factors most increased cultural diversity within the United States during the early nineteenth century?

A. The relocation of American Indians in western territories

B. The arrival of European immigrants in urban areas

C. The migration of African Americans to northern cities

D. The arrival of Asian workers to build railroads

B. The arrival of European immigrants in urban areas

Which of the following most contributed to the expansion of the Roman Empire under Emperor Augustus?

A. The collection of taxes from conquered areas

B. The appointment of public officials to the government

C. The toleration of monotheism in conquered lands

D. The establishment of an organized military system

D. The establishment of an organized military system

Which of the following most contributed to Japan's rise as an industrial power in the late nineteenth century?

A. Acquiring natural resources from China

B. Establishing trade with the United States

C. Joining a military alliance with Germany

D. Annexing territories from Russia

B. Establishing trade with the United States

Which of the following contributed to the development of both ancient China and Rome?

A. The building of large universities

B. The printing of paper currency

C. The practice of representative government

D. The establishment of trade centers

D. The establishment of trade centers

Which of the following is most associated with the Boston Tea Party?

A. Impressment of sailors

B. Quartering of troops in homes

C. Increased taxes on commodities

D. Restrictions on due process

C. Increased taxes on commodities