HSC 100 Introduction to Healthcare and the Profession Review

Flashcards covering key topics from the lecture notes on healthcare professions, including data collection, roles of various healthcare professionals, required education, and future trends.

Importance of Data Collection in Healthcare

Collecting data on all components of health, documenting trends in risk factors, health status, access to and utilization of healthcare services, and disseminating reliable and accurate information about the health of our population is critical for improving the health of all Americans.

Impact of Longevity and Elderly Population

Increased prevalence of chronic and degenerative diseases associated with aging.

Factors Contributing to Greater Use of Prescription Drugs

Development of new drugs to treat chronic disease and the growth of drug coverage by private and governmental health insurance, including Medicare Part D.

Role of Congress in Federal Healthcare Activity

Making laws, allocating funds, and doing investigative work through committees.

First Private Hospital Insurance Plan

In 1929, a group of Dallas teachers contracted with Baylor University Hospital to provide 21 days of hospitalization for a fixed amount.

Medical Technology includes:

Products used to diagnose and monitor human conditions and diseases, as well as treat diseases once considered high risk or fatal, including instruments for less invasive operations.

Expected Changes in Healthcare Worker Employment

Fewer jobs available in hospitals, with greatest increases in home health care services as older adults seek to remain in their homes.

healthcare professions share a common core of Medical Terminology

The language used in medicine that allows healthcare professionals to communicate with each other. Infection control deals w/ preventing spread of healthcare-associated infections

Anatomy and Physiology (A&P)

Refers to courses common to the healthcare professional curriculum.

Professional

A person with specialized learning who is engaged in a specified activity as an occupation.

Two Types of Physicians

Medical Doctor (MD) and Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (DO).

American Osteopathic Association

Accredits schools that award DO degrees.

Podiatrists Education

Must have a Doctor of Podiatric Medicine (DPM) degree from an accredited college of podiatric medicine; a DPM program takes 4 years to complete.

Physician Assistants

Must complete an accredited education program and pass a national exam to obtain a license.

Traits of Physician Assistants

Desire to serve patients, be self motivated, good bedside manner; emotional stability; the ability to make decisions in emergencies and willingness to study throughout their career.

Physician Assistant Education

Including biochemistry, pathology, anatomy, physiology, microbiology, clinical pharmacology, clinical medicine, geriatric & home care, disease prevention, and medical ethics.

Clinically Practicing PAs

Always supervised by physicians.

Route to Becoming a Registered Nurse

Complete a two-year associate's degree, a diploma from an approved nursing program for two years, or a bachelor's degree in nursing in four years.

Scope of a RN Responsibilities vs LPN

Responsibilities of RN are more complex and analytical than that of a licensed practical nurse.

Most full time dentists work

between 35- 40 hours a week

Role of a Dental Hygienist

Clean teeth, provide preventive dental care, and teach patients how to practice good oral hygiene. They examine patients teeth and gums, recording diseases or abnormalities, removing tartar, stains, plaque, taking X-rays, and applying cavity-preventive agents.

Entry-Level Educational Requirements for Dental Hygienist

A degree from an accredited dental hygiene school and a state license.

Becoming a Registered Dietitian Nutritionist

Requires at least a bachelor's degree in dietetics, foods and nutrition, foodservice systems management, or related area plus supervised clinical experience.

Registered Dietitian Nutritionists (RDN)

Experts in food and nutrition who advise people on what to eat to lead a healthy lifestyle or achieve a specific health-related goal.

Responsibilities of a Registered Dietitian Nutritionist

Assesses nutritional needs based on their medical condition, develops and implement nutrition care plans, and evaluates and documents the results, coordinating with doctors and nurses the nutritional and medical needs of patients. ( all above)

North American Pharmacist Licensure Exam (NAPLEX)

Tests pharmacy skills and knowledge.

Multistate Pharmacy Jurisprudence Exam (MPJE)

Tests pharmacy law.

Traits of Prospective Pharmacists

Scientific aptitude, good interpersonal skills, desire to help others, conscientiousness, and attention to detail bc the decisions they make affect human lives (all above)

Functions of an Optometrist

Examine eyes to diagnose vision problems and test depth and color perception and ability to focus and coordinate the eyes. They may prescribe eyeglasses or contact lenses or they may provide other treatments such as vision therapy or low vision rehab. (all above)

Doctor of Optometry Degree

Requires completion of a four-year program at an accredited school of optometry, preceded by at least 3 years of pre-optometric study at an accredited college.

Undergraduate Courses for Audiology

Biology, physiology and anatomy, medical terminology, and communication. Typical graduate courses are- stats, physics, chem, and human A & P ( all above)

Educational Requirement for Speech-Language Pathologist

A master's degree in speech-language pathology.

Hearing Loss/Hearing Impairment

(1)An inability to hear speech and other sounds clearly

(2) inability to understand speech in communication

(3) inability to hear speech loudly enough

( all above)

Physical Therapists Role

Treat a wide range of ailments specializing in pediatrics, geriatrics, orthopedics, sports medicine, neurology, and cardiopulmonary physical therapy; prevent injury and loss of mobility, developing fitness and wellness programs to develop a healthy and active lifestyle. (all the above)

Commission on Accreditation in Physical Therapy Education (CAPTE)

Accredits entry-level academic programs in physical therapy.

Factors Increasing Demand for Occupational Therapy Services

are expected to increase due to the growing older adult population is vulnerable to chronic conditions and debilitating conditions that require therapeutic services, the baby-boom generation ages, and medical developments permitting an increasing percentage of trauma victims to survive. ( all the above)

Minimal Requirement for Entry into Occupational Therapy

Masters degree.

Occupational Therapy Assistants

Help clients with rehabilitative activities and exercises, monitor patient progress, teach the use of special equipment. They also record their observations w/ regard to the patients progress and document billing that’s submitted to the insurance company (all above)

hospitals will continue to employ

Hospitals will continue to employ a large number of occupational therapists to provide therapy services to acutely ill patients. Hospitals will also need occupational therapist to staff their outpatient rehab programs.

Recommended Qualities for all Athletic Trainers

Good social and communication skills, ability to manage difficult situations and stress, organized, able to manage time wisely, inquisitive, and strong desire to help people. (all above)

Factors Increasing Demand for Exercise Physiologists

Greater emphasis on preventive health as a result of affordable care act, health insurance coverage includes exercise and other preventive measure to rescue the incidence of chronic diseases.

(all above)

Chiropractic profession

concentrates on disorders of the musculoskeletal and nervous systems, focusing on how they affect one’s general health

Chiropractors

Rely on nonsurgical methods of treatment and do not use drugs as a treatment method.

Health Psychologists

Promote good health through health maintenance counseling programs. Designed to help ppl achieve health oriented goals like smoking and weight loss

Neuropsychologists

Study the relationship between the brain and behavior, often working in stroke and head injury programs.

A Career as a Genetic Counselor

Combines a strong scientific background with counseling skills.

employment opportunities for genetic counselors

are excellent bc of advanced tech in DNA testing

Course Work in Genetic Counseling

Clinical genetics, population genetics, cytogenetics, and molecular genetics, as well as psychosocial theory, ethics, and counseling techniques.

Community Health Workers Role

In-depth knowledge of their communities; identify health-related issues, collect data, and discuss health concerns w/ the ppl they serve (all above) .

the National Registry of Emergency Medical Technician (NREMT) certifies emergency medical service providers at 4 levels:

Emergency Medical Responder ,

emergency medical tech,

advanced emergency med tech

paramedic,

Risks Faced by EMTs and Paramedics

They’re required to do a lot of kneeling, bending, & heavy lifting.

-Workers risk noise-induced hearing loss from sirens

-back injuries from lifting patients,

- exposure to diseases such as hepatitis B and Aids

-violence from mentally unstable patients.

The work is physically strenuous and stressful involving life or death situations and suffering patients.

Lowest Annual Salary for Radiologic Technologists (2020)

Offices of physicians.

Breast Sonographers

Use sonography to study diseases of the breasts and aid mammography in the detection of breast cancer. They can also track tumors, blood supply conditions and assist in accurate biopsy of breast tissue, use high frequency transducers made only to study breast tissue

Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act

Requires personnel who perform highly complex tests to have at least an Associate's degree.

nurse assistant

help patients eat, dress, and bathe. Answer calls for help, deliver messages, serve meals, make beds, and tidy up rooms, Sometimes responsible for taking patients temp, pulse rate, respiration rate, or blood pressure. Can help patients get out of bed, walk, escorting them to operating and examining rooms, or providing skin care. ( all above)

Optometric Assistants

Provide eye care, working w/ optometrists. They provide chair-side assistance, instruct patients about contact lens use and care, and conduct preliminary tests. They provide assistance while working directly w/ an optometrist

Veterinarians

Diagnose and treat diseases and injuries in animals, care for the health of pets, livestock, and animals in zoos. etc.. ( all above)

The Center for Veterinary Medicine veterinarians role

Make recommendations for the safety of pet food and drug safety. Such as antibiotics used in humans and livestock.

Veterinary medicine programs

Students take courses on normal animal anatomy and physiology, as well as disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Most programs include 3 years of classroom, lab and clinical work. Students spend final year of 4 year program doing courses like general business management and career development classes to help new vets learn how to effectively run a practice