HSC 214 Superior Muscles Day 2

Trapezius (superior fascicles)

3 distinct fascicle directions of the ___, superior, middle, and inferior.

-large kite shaped muscle

-Superior fascicles of the __ helps elevate the scapula

Elevator of scapula

Posterior to the Occipital bone and spinous processes of C7-T12

Distal to the Acromion, spine of scapula and clavicle

levator scapulae

Strap-like muscle extending from the superior angle of the scapula to the transverse processes of C1-C4 to perform a shoulder shrug motion.

Elevator of scapula

Posterior to C1-C4 transverse processes

Distal to superior angle of scapula

Trapezius (Middle fascicles)

MIDDLE fascicles of the trapezius retract the scapula (adductors)

Proximal to the occipital bone and spinous process of C7-T12

Distal to acromion, spine of scapula and clavicle

rhomboid major

Narrow, oblique muscle superior to the rhomboid major

Notice the geometric rhomboid shape

Retractors (adductors)

Proximal to T2-T5 spinous processes

Distal to medial border of scapula

rhomboid minor

broad, oblique muscle inferior to the rhomboid minor

Notice the geometric rhomboid shape

Retractors (adductors)

Proximal to C7-T1 spinous process

Distal to medial border of scapula

serratus anterior

Looks like fingers wrapping around the lateral side of the rib cage or a serrated knife

Pathology of a "winged scapula" is caused by weakness in the_

Protractors (abductors)

Proximal to medial border of scapula

Distal to ribs (1-8)

Trapezius (inferior fascicles)

Depressor of scapula

Inferior fascicles of the trapezius depresses the scapula

Proximal to occipital bone and spinous of C7-T12

Distal to acromion, spine of scapula and clavicle

Pectoralis minor

depressor of scapula

Assists in forced inhalation

Proximal to coracoid process

Distal to ribs (3-5)

triceps brachii

This muscle is composed of 3 distinct heads, longs, medial and short

Extensor of the forearm at elbow

Proximal to scapula and humerus

Distal to olecranon process ulna

Anconeus

Crosses the posterior lateral aspect of the elbow

Extensor of the forearm at elbow

Proximal to humerus

Distal olecranon process of ulna

biceps brachii

is composed of 2 heads, long and short. one of the three "B" muscles that Bend the elbow

also functions as the major as the major supinator of the forearm

Flexor of forearm at elbow

Proximal to scapula

Distal to radial tuberosity

Brachialis

Deep to biceps brachii

One of the three B muscles that Bend the elbow

Flexor of the forearm at the elbow

Proximal to humerus

Distal to coronoid process of ulna

Brachioradialis

Strap like muscle that is one of the three B muscles that Bend the elbow.

Used to separate wrist flexors and extensors

Flexor of the forearm at the elbow

Proximal to humerus

Distal to styloid process of radius

Supinator

Wraps around the proximal shaft of the radius with fasciculi attached to bone

supinator of forearm at radio-ulnar joint

Proximal to ulna and lateral epicondyle of humerus

Distal to radius

biceps brachii

is a major supinator in addition to flexion

Pronator quadratus

deep square shaped muscle of the anterior wrist

Pronator of forearm at radio-ulnar joint

Proximal to distal ulna

Distal to distal radius

pronator teres

Muscle that runs at a downward angle from medial (ulna) to lateral ( radius)

Pronator of forearm at radio-ulnar joint

Proximal at medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna

Distal to radius

Palmaris longus

small muscle belly noticeable by its long tendon absent in 10% of individuals

Flexors of hand at wrist

Proximal to medial epicondyle of humerus

distal to palmar aponeurosis

flexor carpi ulnaris

Flexes and adducts wrist

On the digit 5 "pinky" side

Proximal to olecranon process and medial epicondyle of humerus

distal to pisiform, hamate and metacarpal 5

flexor carpi radialis

flexes wrist and abducts hand

on the digit 1 "thumb" side

proximal to medial epicondyle of humerus

distal to metacarpals 2 and 3

flexor digitorum superficialis

flexes wrist and middle phalanges of fingers 2-5

makes up the second "layer" of the forearm flexors

Proximal to medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna

distal to middle phalanges 2-5

Flexor disitorum profundus

Makes up one of the two deepest "layer" muscles of the forearm flexors, deep to the FDS

appears as shiny white

Flexor of hand and digits of wrist

Proximal to ulna

Distal to distal phalanges 2-5

extensor carpi ulnaris

extends and adducts wrist

Most medial extensor muscle (anatomical position)

Proximal to ulna and lateral epicondyle of humerus to metacarpal 5

extensor carpi radialis brevis

Extends wrist and abducts hand

Muscle directly deep to the EXCRL

Proximal to humerus

Distal to metacarpal 3

extensor carpi radialis longus

extensor of hand

Proximal to humerus

Distal to metacarpal 2

extensor digitorum

extends fingers

Superficial muscle spanning out with four tendons to digits 2-5

Proximal to lateral epicondyle of humerus

Distal to middle and distal phalanges (2-5)

extensor digiti minimi

extends little finger

*only acts on the most "minimal digit" known as pinky finger

Proximal to lateral epicondyle of humerus

distal to digit 5

Abduction

Movement away from the midline of the body

Adduction

Movement toward the midline of the body

abductor pollicis brevis

abducts thumb

thick muscle lateral to the flexor pollicis brevis (anatomical position)

Proximal to scaphoid and trapezium

distal to proximal phalanx of thumb

flexor

a muscle that bends a part of the body, such as an arm or a leg

extensor

muscle that straightens a limb

abductor pollicis longus

between the thumb and the rest of the digits

-most lateral border of the anatomical snuff box

Proximal to radius and ulna

distal to lateral metacarpal 1

adductor pollicis

adducts thumb

between the thumb and the digits

proximal to capitate and bases of metacarpals 2 and 3

distal to proximal pharynx of thumb

extensor pollicis brevis

extends thumb

other lateral border of the anatomical snuff box

proximal to radius

distal to proximal phalanx of thumb

extensor pollicis longus

extends thumb and abducts hand

proximal to ulna

distal to distal phalanx of thumb

flexor pollicis longus

flexors of thumb

next to the flexor digitorum profundus on radial side

proximal to radius

distal to distal phalanx of thumb

Extensor Indicis

extends index finger (digit 2)

___ muscle only acts on the second digit or the "index finger"

proximal to ulna

distal to tendon of extension digitorum