Cloud Computing

Flashcards about Cloud Computing

What is cloud computing?

The delivery of computing services— including servers, storage, databases, networking, software, analytics, and intelligence—over the internet (“the cloud”) to offer faster innovation, flexible resources, and economies of scale.

What is dynamic provisioning in cloud computing?

A concept applied not only to services but also to compute capability, storage, networking, and information technology (IT) infrastructure in general

What is utility computing?

Users (consumers) need to pay providers only when they access the computing services. Consumers no longer need to invest heavily or encounter difficulties in building and maintaining complex IT infrastructure.

Name some operations that can be performed with cloud computing

Storage, backup, and recovery of data; Delivery of software on demand; Development of new applications and services; Streaming videos and audio

Name the components of Cloud Computing Architecture

Client infrastructure, application, service, runtime cloud, storage, infrastructure, management and security

What does the frontend of the cloud architecture refer to?

The client side of cloud computing system. Means it contains all the user interfaces and applications which are used by the client to access the cloud computing services/resources.

What does the backend of the cloud architecture refer to?

The cloud itself which is used by the service provider. It contains the resources as well as manages the resources and provides security mechanisms.

What is client Infrastructure?

A part of the frontend component. It contains the applications and user interfaces which are required to access the cloud platform. In other words, it provides a GUI( Graphical User Interface ) to interact with the cloud.

What is Application in Cloud Computing Architecture?

A part of backend component that refers to a software or platform to which client accesses. Means it provides the service in backend as per the client requirement.

Name the major three types of cloud based services

SaaS, PaaS and IaaS

What does runtime cloud provide?

The execution and Runtime platform/environment to the Virtual machine.

What does Storage provide in Cloud Computing?

Flexible and scalable storage service and management of stored data.

What is included in Cloud Infrastructure?

The hardware and software components of cloud like it includes servers, storage, network devices, virtualization software etc.

What does Management refer to in backend?

Management of backend components like application, service, runtime cloud, storage, infrastructure, and other security mechanisms etc.

What does the security component refer to in the backend?

Implementation of different security mechanisms in the backend for secure cloud resources, systems, files, and infrastructure to end-users.

What is the function of the Internet in terms of cloud architecture?

Acts as the medium or a bridge between frontend and backend and establishes the interaction and communication between frontend and backend.

What is Virtualization?

Software technology that helps in providing the logical isolation of physical resources. Creating logical isolation of physical resources such as RAM, CPU, and Storage.. over the cloud is known as Virtualization in Cloud Computing.

Name the types of Cloud Computing Services

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), Software as a Service (SaaS)

IaaS is also known as what?

Hardware as a Service (HaaS)

What does IaaS allows customers to do?

Outsource their IT infrastructures, such as servers, networking, processing, storage, virtual machines, and other resources. Customers access these resources on the Internet using a pay-as-per-use model.

What are the characteristics of IaaS

Scalability, Virtualization, Resource Pooling, Elasticity, Self-Service, Availability, Security, Customization

What services are provided by IaaS?

Computing, Storage, Network, Load balancers, Security, Backup and disaster recovery services, Monitoring and Management

What are the advantages of IaaS?

Shared infrastructure, Web access to the resources, Pay-as-per-use model, Focus on the core business, On-demand scalability

What are some disadvantages of IaaS?

Security, Maintenance and Upgrade, Interoperability Issues, Performance Variability, Dependency on Internet Connectivity, Learning Curve and Complexity, Cost Management

Name some IaaS Service Providers

Amazon Web Services, Netmagic, Reliance Communications, Sify Technologies, Tata Communications, Rackspace

Define PaaS

Platform-as-a-service (PaaS) is distributed computing model where an outsider supplier appropriates equipment and programming instruments to clients over Internet.

What is PaaS used for?

Application development

Name some services provided by PaaS

Programming Languages, Application Frameworks, Databases, Additional Tools and Services

What are the advantages of PaaS?

Simplified Development, Lower risk, Prebuilt business functionality, Instant community, Scalability

What are the disadvantages of PaaS?

Vendor lock-in, Data Privacy, Integration with the rest of the systems applications, Limited Customization and Control

Name some PaaS Providers

SalesForce, Windows Azure, App Fog, Openshift, Cloud Foundary

What is SaaS also known as?

"On-Demand Software"

How do end-users access SaaS applications?

Over the internet, so the end-users do not need to install any software on their devices to access these services.

What are the characteristics of SaaS

Web-based Delivery, Multiple Users, Automatic Updates, Scalable, Data Security

Name some services provided by SaaS

Business Services, Document Management, Social Networks, Mail Services

What are the advantages of SaaS?

SaaS is easy to buy, One to Many, Less hardware required for SaaS, Low maintenance required for SaaS, No special software or hardware versions are required, Multidevice support, No client-side installation

What are the disadvantages of SaaS?

Security, Latency issue, Total Dependency on the Internet, Switching between SaaS vendors is difficult

Name some Saas Providers

Microsoft Office 365, Google Apps, SalesForce, Workday, Netsuite, Oracle CRM, Constant Contact

Name some of the Top leading Cloud Computing companies

Amazon Web Services(AWS), Microsoft Azure Platform, Google, IBM Cloud, Oracle Cloud, Alibaba Cloud, Tencent Cloud, Rackspace, Salesforce, VMware Cloud

Name four Cloud Computing Technologies

Virtualization; Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA); Grid Computing; Utility Computing

Define Virtualization

The process of creating a virtual environment to run multiple applications and operating systems on the same server.

Name the types of Virtualization

Hardware Virtualization, Server Virtualization, Storage Virtualization, Operating System Virtualization, Data Virtualization

What are the Benefits of Virtualization in Cloud Computing

Integrated costs, Flexibility in operations, Security & data transfer, Disaster recovery, Improved value

Define Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)

Allows organizations to access on-demand cloud-based computing solutions according to the change in business needs.

Name some Applications of Service-Oriented Architecture

Mobile Applications and Games; Defense and the Air Force; Healthcare; E-commerce; Financial Services; Government Systems; Supply Chain Management; Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP); Telecommunications; Logistics and Transportation

Define Grid Computing

Refers to distributed computing, in which a group of computers from multiple locations are connected with each other to achieve a common objective.

Name the three types of machines in Grid computing

Control Node, Provider, User

Define Utility Computing

The most trending IT service model. It provides on-demand computing resources (computation, storage, and programming services via API) and infrastructure based on the pay-per-use method.

Name some Real World Applications of Cloud Computing

Online Data Storage; Backup and Recovery; Bigdata Analysis; Testing and development; Anti-Virus Applications; E-commerce Application; Cloud computing in education; E-Governance Application; Cloud Computing in Medical Fields

Define Cloud Security

The act of protecting cloud environments, data, information and applications against unauthorized access, DDOS attacks, malwares, hackers and other similar attacks.

Why is Cloud Security important?

It’s imperative to rethink security approaches as more companies move to the cloud from on-premises environments, especially with data governance and compliance under the regulatory microscope.

What are some Cloud security risks and challenges?

Lack of visibility, Misconfigurations, Access management, Dynamic workloads, Compliance

What are the Benefits of cloud security?

Greater visibility, Centralized security, Reduced costs, Data protection, Cloud compliance, Advanced threat detection

Name some types of cloud security solutions

Identity and access management (IAM); Data loss prevention (DLP); Security information and event management (SIEM)

What is a Cloud Deployment Model?

Functions as a virtual computing environment with a deployment architecture that varies depending on the amount of data you want to store and who has access to the infrastructure.

Name the types of Cloud Computing Deployment Models

Public cloud, Private cloud, Hybrid cloud, Community cloud

Define Public Cloud

Managed by third parties which provide cloud services over the internet to the public, these services are available as pay-as-you-go billing models.

Name come examples of Public Cloud providers

Amazon EC2, IBM, Azure, GCP

What are the Advantages of Public Cloud?

Public cloud is easily able to scale up and down resources as per the demand of traffic and workload. It facilitates with performance optimization and cost efficiency. It works on pay-as-you-go cloud model and helps in resolving the investments needs in hardware and infrastructure reducing overall costs.

What are some Disadvantages of using Public Cloud?

It is difficult to trust and maintain data to a third-party provider may raise concerns about control and ownership; The shared infrastructure of public cloud resources increases the risk of data breaches and unauthorized access; Public cloud comes with limited transparency about the underlying infrastructure which may make it challenging to monitor and manage performance effectively.

Define Private cloud

Distributed systems that work on private infrastructure and provide the users with dynamic provisioning of computing resources.

Name some Private cloud providers

HP Data Centers, Ubuntu, Elastic-Private cloud, Microsoft, etc.

What are the Advantages Of Private Cloud?

Customer information protection: In the private cloud security concerns are less since customer data and other sensitive information do not flow out of private infrastructure; Infrastructure ensuring SLAs: Private cloud provides specific operations such as appropriate clustering, data replication, system monitoring, and maintenance, disaster recovery, and other uptime services; Compliance with standard procedures and operations

What are some Disadvantages Of Private Cloud?

The restricted area of operations: Private cloud is accessible within a particular area. So the area of accessibility is restricted.; Expertise requires Skilled people are required to manage & operate cloud services.

Define Hybrid cloud

A heterogeneous distributed system formed by combining facilities of the public cloud and private cloud.

Name some examples of Hybrid cloud

AWS Outposts, Azure Stack, Google Anthos, IBM Cloud Satellite, Oracle Cloud at Customer

What are the Advantages of using Hybrid cloud?

Available at a cheap cost, Comes up with working fast with lower cost and facilitates in reducing the latency of the data transfer process, Is totally safe and secure because it works on the distributed system network

What are some Disadvantages of Using Hybrid Cloud?

It’s possible that businesses lack the internal knowledge necessary to create such a hybrid environment; Managing security may also be more challenging.; Managing a hybrid cloud may be more difficult.

Define Community Cloud

Distributed systems created by integrating the services of different clouds to address the specific needs of an industry, a community, or a business sector. But sharing responsibilities among the organizations is difficult.

Give examples of Community Cloud providers

CloudSigma, Nextcloud, Synology C2, OwnCloud, Stratoscale

What are the Advantages of Using Community Cloud?

Community clouds are cost-effective; the community cloud is adaptable and scalable; Community cloud is more secure than public cloud; Share cloud resources, infrastructure, and other capabilities between different enterprises

What are some Disadvantages of using Community Cloud?

Not all businesses should choose community cloud; Gradual adoption of data; It’s challenging for corporations to share duties

What is a cloud API?

A software interface that helps in connecting between the computer or between computer programs.

What are the Features of a cloud API?

Allows two applications to talk to each other; Helps in enabling applications to exchange data and functionality easily; Also called a middleman between two systems; Helps in data monetization;Helps in improving collaboration

Name the Types of API

Open APIs; Internal APIs; Composite APIs; Partner APIs

Define the Client-Server Model

A distributed application structure that partitions tasks or workloads between the providers of a resource or service, called servers, and service requesters called clients.

What Advantages of Client-Server Model?

Centralized system with all data in a single place; Cost efficient requires less maintenance cost and Data recovery is possible; The capacity of the Client and Servers can be changed separately

What are the Disadvantages of Client-Server Model?

Clients are prone to viruses, Trojans, and worms if present in the Server or uploaded into the Server; Servers are prone to Denial of Service (DOS) attacks; Data packets may be spoofed or modified during transmission; Phishing or capturing login credentials or other useful information of the user are common and MITM(Man in the Middle) attacks are common

What are Key drivers for cloud computing?

It is the interface or resource, and a process that is used for the growth and success of the business.

What are the types of Business Drivers

Capacity Planning, Cost Reduction, Organizational Agility

What is Capacity Planning?

The process in which an organization estimates the production capacity needed for its products to cope with the ever- changing demands in the market.

What is Cost Reduction?

The process by which organizations reduce unnecessary costs in order to increase their profits in the business.

What is the general Impact of Cloud Computing on Business?

It allows users to access and store data on remote servers, offering flexibility, scalability, and cost-efficiency. This technology eliminates the need for local servers or personal devices to handle applications, including data storage, data processing and data security.

Name the three key aspect of what business analytics uses

Scalability, Speed, Collaboration

What is Scalability in cloud computing?

Refers to easily increasing or decreasing IT resources and cloud space as needed to meet changing demands.

What are the Benefits of Cloud Infrastructure for Scalability in Business Analytics?

Cloud computing enables businesses to scale their computing resources up or down based on their current needs; Businesses can reduce costs by paying for resources on demand; Cloud platforms provide the flexibility to manage large data sets

What is Speed in Business Analytics?

A critical aspect of business analytics, allowing organizations to quickly turn large volumes of data into actionable insights.

Tools and Platforms does Collaborative Analytics offers?

Collaborative analytics tools that allow multiple users to work on the same project simultaneously. These tools often include features like shared dashboards tracking company data, joint data modeling and concurrent editing, facilitating seamless collaboration among team members.

Define cloud outsourcing

An effective way to help reduce operating costs, stay compliant, gain a competitive edge, and scale with changing demands.

Name the Differences between traditional outsourcing and cloud outsourcing

Traditional IT outsourcing: businesses work with a third-party IT solutions provider that manages their data, servers, network, security, and more. Cloud outsourcing services provider still manages a business' IT solution, but they do so use cloud computing technology.

What is Cloud Elasticity?

Refers to the ability of a cloud to automatically expand or compress the infrastructural resources on a sudden up and down in the requirement so that the workload can be managed efficiently. This elasticity helps to minimize infrastructural costs.

What is Cloud Scalability?

Used to handle the growing workload where good performance is also needed to work efficiently with software or applications. Scalability is commonly used where the persistent deployment of resources is required to handle the workload statically.

Name theDifference Between Cloud Elasticity and Scalability

Scalability is used to fulfill the static needs while elasticity is used to fulfill the dynamic need of the organization. Elasticity is a similar kind of service provided by the cloud where the customers have to pay-per- use.

What are the types of Scalability?

Vertical Scalability (Scale-up), Horizontal Scalability, Diagonal Scalability

Define Cloud Migration

The process of moving applications and data from one location—often a company's private, on-premises servers—to a public cloud provider’s servers, but it can also entail moving resources between different clouds.

Name the types of cloud migration

Datacenter migration, Hybrid cloud migration, Cloud-to-cloud migration

What are Migration benefits?

Optimized costs, Flexibility and scalability, Enhanced security, Compliance, Backup, recovery, and failover, Simplified management and monitoring

What are some Migration challenges?

Planning, Cost, Security and compliance, Business downtime, Organizational adoption and training, Migration partner/vendor selection

Define MultiCloud

Entails hand-picking cloud services from more than one cloud provider to best meet your unique business needs and accomplish specific tasks.

What are the Advantages of multicloud?

Elimination of vendor lock-in; Enhanced reliability and redundancy; Access to best-in-class services; Optimized performance; Increased flexibility and scalability; Geographic diversity and compliance.