Muscle

Which types of muscle tissue are straited

skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle

Which types of muscle tissue are not straited

smooth muscle

What are the five major functions of skeletal muscle

body movement, posture maintenance, temperature regulation, storage and movement of materials, and support

Tendons are made of what type of tissue

dense regular connective tissue

What is the order of parts of the muscle from smallest unit to largest

myofilament, myofibril, fiber, fasicle, muscle

A singular muscle fiber is wrapped in what connective tissue?

Endomysium

A group of muscle fibers becomes a…?

fasicle

What kind of connective tissue wraps around a fasicle

perimysium

A group of fascicles becomes a what…?

an entire muscle

What are the three parts of the epicranius

frontalis, occipitalis, and epicranial aponeurosis

Function of frontalis

elevates eyebrows and wrinkles skin on forehead

Function of occipitalis

retracts scalp

Function of orbicularis oculi

closes eyes

Function of orbicularis oris

closes and purses lips

Function of zygomaticus major

elevates corner of mouth

Function of depressor anguli oris

depresses corner of mouth

Function of buccinator

pulls cheeks against teeth

Function of platysma

tenses skin of neck and depresses lower lip

Function of masseter

elevates and protracts mandible

Function of temporalis

elevates and retracts mandible

Function of pterygoids

elevate and protract mandible, move them side to side

Function of genioglossus

protracts tongue

Function of styloglossus

elevates and retracts tongue

What bony structure is the styloglossus attached to

styloid process

Functions of the hyoglossus

depresses and retracts tongue

What is Bell’s Palsy

Paralysis of the facial expression muscles

Function of the suprahyoid muscles

raises floor of mouth for swallowing

Function of the infrahyoid muscles

depresses hyoid for swallowing and speaking

The sternocleidomastoid attaches to which bony landmarks

sternum, clavicle, and mastoid

What is the action of the sternocleidomastoid unilaterally

rotates head to one side

What is the action of the sternocleidomastoid bilaterally

flex neck

What is wryneck

shortened, tightened sternocleidomastoid

What action does the splenius capitis do unilaterally

rotates head

What action does the splenius capitis do bilaterally

extends the neck

What is the muscle cell membrane called?

the sarcolemma

What is the cytoplasm of the muscle cell called

sarcoplasm

What is the function of the sarcoplasmic recticulum

it stores calcium for release when muscle contracts

What is the function of the transverse tubules

conduct nerve impulses through the muscle fiber

Which band only contains thin myofilaments

I band

Which band includes thick and thin myofilaments

A band

Where, in the middle of the I band, do thin myofilaments attach

Z disc

Which region, located in the middle of the A band, only has thick myofilaments

H zone

Where, in the middle of the H zone, do thick myofilaments attach

M line

From Z disc to Z disc is what structure

sarcromere

Which structures shorten/narrow when a muscle contracts (shorty Says HI)

sacromere, H zone, and I band

Which structures stay the same when a muscle contracts (Zoo Monkeys Ate)

Z disc, M line, and A band

What are the sternum’s structures from top to bottom

Manubrium, body, xiphoid process

Bilateral function of the quadratus lumborum

extend the lumbar vertebral column

Unilateral function of the quadratus lumborum

laterally flex the vertebral column

The quadratus lumborum attaches from where to where

the iliac crest to the lumbar vertebrae and 12th rib

Function of the erector spinae

extend the vertebral column and maintain erect posture

What are the three muscles in the erector spinae (I Like Standing)

Iliocostalis, Longissimus, Spinalis

What is the function of the diaphragm

increases the vertical dimensions of the thorax

Where does the diaphragm attach

ribs, sternum, vertebrae

The external intercostals elevate/depress the ribs during inhalation/exhalation

elevate; inhalation

Action of the external oblique unilaterally

laterally flex the vertebral column

The obliques, transversus abdominis, and rectus abdominus all do what?

flex the vertebral column and compress the abdominal wall