🦠 GCSE Biology: Binary Fission

Binary Fission

The process by which prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, divide and reproduce.

Asexual Reproduction

A type of reproduction where one parent cell divides into two identical offspring.

Prokaryotic Cell

A simple cell without a nucleus, such as bacteria.

DNA Replication

The process by which a bacterial cell copies its genetic material before division.

Plasmid

A small circular piece of DNA in bacteria that carries extra genes, such as antibiotic resistance.

Cell Wall

A rigid structure that surrounds bacterial cells, providing support and protection.

Flagellum

A tail-like structure that helps some bacteria move.

Exponential Growth

The rapid increase in bacterial population due to binary fission.

Division Time

The time it takes for a bacterial cell to divide into two new cells.

Mean Division Time

The average time it takes for bacteria to undergo binary fission.

Optimal Conditions

The best conditions for bacterial growth, including warmth, moisture, and nutrients.

Bacterial Growth Formula

The formula used to calculate bacterial growth: Initial cells × 2^n, where n is the number of divisions.

Generation Time

Another term for mean division time, referring to how long it takes for one bacterial generation to form.

Colony

A large group of bacteria formed by multiple rounds of binary fission.

DNA Segregation

The movement of replicated DNA to opposite sides of a bacterial cell before division.

New Cell Wall Formation

The process by which a bacterial cell forms a wall down the middle before splitting.

Doubling Time

The time required for a bacterial population to double in size.

Nutrient Availability

A key factor affecting bacterial division, as bacteria need nutrients to grow and reproduce.

Temperature

A factor influencing bacterial growth; bacteria grow best in warm conditions.

Moisture

Essential for bacterial survival and division, as it helps with nutrient transport.