World History chapter 25

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Benito Mussolini

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54 Terms

1

Benito Mussolini

Fascist party; took control of italy in 1922

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2

Adolf Hitler

Nazi Party; took control of germany in 1933

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3

Mien Kampf

Hitler’s biography; described his racist, humanistic philosophy

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4

Reichstag:

Germany’s chief legislative body

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5

Der fuhrer

Hitler’s title

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6

Third reich

the name of Hitler’s reign

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7

The Holocaust

the systematic murder of 6 million Jews & others inferior races to eradicate them

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8

Gen. Hideki Tojo

leader of the militaristic govt. of Japan

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9

Emperor Hirohito

official head of the Jap. Govt. (but power rested on the military generals)

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10

Joseph Stalin

established Communism in Russia

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11

Chiang Kai-Shek

leader of Nationalist forces of China

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12

Mao Tse-Tung

leader of the Communist forces of China

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13

Claire Chennailt

American general who led the “Flying Tigers”

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14

Fransisco Franco

aided by Germ. to defeat communists

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15

Spain

What nation was Franco Francisco from

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16

Axis Powers

Japan, Germany, Italy; formed the Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis

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17

Neville Chamberlain

P.M. of Eng. who negotiated the Munich Pact with Hitler; “peace in our times” (through appeasement)

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18

Sitzkrieg

after Poland, there were no battles for 7 months. (sitzkrieg) until Germany conquered Denmark and Norway

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19

Vichy

location of France’s govt. Granted to them after they surrendered to Hitler in 1940

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20

Charles De Gaulle

led the french resistance against Germany

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21

Nazi-Soviet Pact

Pact between Russia and Germany to invade Poland

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22

Winston Churchill

new P.M. of england after N. Chamberlain resigned; tue

20th century’s greatest statesman

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23

Operation Sea-Lion

Hitler’s plan to invade & conqueror England

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24

Battle of Britain

the 1st major defeat of Germany

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25

“Pocket Battleships”

German worships designed after the Treaty of

Versailles

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26

Lend-Lease Act

congress allowed FDR to trade, loan, or lease war materials

with the Allied nations

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27

December 7, 1941

When did Japan attacked the American fleet at Pearl Harbor?

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28

Dieppe

failed Allied attempt to gain a foothold in Europe in 1942

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29

Dwight Eisenhower

American general who became commander of all Allied forces in Europe

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30

Operation torch

Allied offensive to retake North Africa

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31

General Bernard Montgomery

led troops at El Alamein

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32

George Patton

led the Allies from N. Africa & invaded Italy

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33

Nisei

Nisei: second generation; Japanese-Americans

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34

Russia

defeated Germany at Stalingrad (last major German offensive in the East; 1942)

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35

D-day

on June 6, 1944, the Allies invaded Normandy, France to retake Europe from the Nazis

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36

Battle of the Bulge

last German Offensive in the West; Allied line did not break

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37

April 30, 1945

When did Hitler Commited suicide?

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38

May 8, 1945

When did the rest of Germany surrendered; also known as V-E day (Victory in Europe Day)

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39

Gen. Douglas Macarthur

sent to the Philippines to prepare their defenses for defense against Japan

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40

Bataan Death March

march of Japanese prisoners of war to a prison camp in Bataan; thousands were murdered

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41

Jimmy Doolittle

led the 1st air raids on the islands of Japan

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42

Battle of Coral Sea

first battle where naval ships never saw each other

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43

Battle of Midway

the turning point of the war in the Pacific

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44

Island Hopping

A technique through which the US land forces strategically assaulted & liberated important Pacific islands from Japan

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45

Admiral Chester Nimitiz

commander-in-chief of US Pacific fleet

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46

Saipan

keystone of Jap. defense; the Japanese lost ------ after the Battle of the Philippine Sea

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47

Kamikazes

Japanese suicide pilots who launched attacks on American ships

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48

Potsdam Declaration

called for unconditional Japanese surrender

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49

Aug. 1945

In ---- , America dropped 2 Atomic Bombs on Hiroshima & Nagasaki

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50

September 2, 1945,

When did Japan surrender to the Allies; World War II was

Over

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51

Atlantic Charter

a utopian document signed by the U.S. & G.B. encouraging steps for world peace

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52

Tehran

meeting to discuss the fate of free nations & a post-war peace org.

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53

Conference of Yalta

The “Big Three” met in 1945 to discuss Europe’s post WWII future

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54

Potsdam

met to discuss the fate of Germany

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