5 theories of punishment

deterrence

preventing future crimes by frightening either the offender or general public

rehabilitation

changing an offenders behaviour to reduce the likleyhood of future offences

restitution

making the offender compensate the victim for their losses

incapacitation

protecting the public by removing the offender from society to limit their crimes

retribution

suggests that the punishment should be applied in proportion to the crime commited to ensure the punishment is just

deterrence example

strengthening laws to make the public hesitant to break them

incapacitation example

sending an offender to jail

retribution example

death penalty for heinous crimes

rehabilitation example

sending an offender to counseling

restitution example

an offender pay for medical bills, property loss or other bills related to the offence