AB2 Ch 19 Emergent US Procedures

what is diagnostic peritoneal lavage - DPL

drain and put fluid in intra peritoneal cavity to assess for damage to viscera and vessels

what imaging modality is standard for trauma assess

CT/computed tomography

what are some setbacks to CT

patient transfer, delay due to bowel prep, unstable patient

what does BAT stand for

blunt abdominal trauma

how long is a FAST exam

< 4 mins

what does FAST stand for

focused assessment with sonography for trauma

what gets scanned in FAST exam

RUQ (perihepatic w/Morrison’s pouch and hepatorenal space), LUQ (perisplenic), Bladder (cul de sac), Cardiac (pericardium)/paracolic gutters

what is most common site for fluid accumulation

morrison’s pouch/subhepatic space

what is 2nd most common space for fluid accumulation

pelvis

what are some US pitfalls

failure to show: contained solid organ injuries, diaphragm injuries, pancreas, adrenal gland, some bowel injuries

patient presents with acute RUQ pain radiating to right shoulder, fever, n/v, leukocytosis =

acute cholecystitis

what is most common cause of acute cholecystitis

cholelithiasis w/obstruction

what size should GB wall me

< 3 mm

where does pancreatic pain radiate

to back

what enzymes will be elevated w/pancreatitis

amylase and lipase

patient presents w/ab pain radiating to lower back, hypotension, pulsatile ab mass =

AAA - not an emergency unless disssection suspected

who are dissections more common in

50-70 YO males, pregnant women

patient presents w/spasmatic pain in flank, pain peaks and descends =

urolithiasis

what is most common symptom/finding of urolithiasis

hematuria

patient presents w/RLQ extreme pain, n/v, leukocytosis, fever =

appendicitis

what is weakest part of abdomen

umbilicus

who do paraumbilical hernias effect more

females

who is more effected by inguinal hernias

men

what does EVAR stand for

endovascular aorta repair