Introduction to Pharmacology

Pharmacology

The study of substances that interact with living systems through chemical processes, especially by binding to regulatory molecules and activating or inhibiting normal body processes.

1. Pharmacodynamics

2. Pharmacokinetics

3. Pharmacotherapeutics

4. Toxicology

General Areas of Pharmacology

Pharmacotherapeutics

Describes the clinical applications, contraindications (C/Is) and drug interactions useful for the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of disease.

Toxicology

Describes the adverse effects of therapeutic agents on the human body.

Claudius Galen

First attempted to consider the theoretical background of pharmacology

Theophrastus von Hohenheim

• Questions antique doctrines: seeks for active ingredients, rejects irrational concoctions in Medieval medicine, and prescribed chemically defined substances.

• A physician and alchemist in the Renaissance who emphasized the importance of chemistry in medicine and introduced the idea that "the dose makes the poison.’

Paracelsus

Theophrastus von Hohenheim is also known as:

Anesthesiology and Toxicology

Theophrastus von Hohenheim is known as the father and founder of:

Johann Jakob Wepfer

First to verify—by animal experimentation—assertions about pharmacological or toxicological actions

Rudolf Buchheim

• Founded the first institute of pharmacology

• He strove to explain the chemical properties of drugs

University of Dorpat (Estonia) in 1847

The first institute of pharmacology is established at:

Oswald Schmiedeberg

• Father of modern pharmacology

• Helped establish the high reputation of pharmacology

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg’s Archive of Pharmacology

The first journal of pharmacology (1873)

Bernhard Naunyn and Oswald Schmiedeberg

The founders of the first journal of pharmacology