Body Regions

abdominal cavity

-bounded by abdominal walls, thoracic diaphragm (superior), and pelvic brim (inferior)

-major organs include:

1. stomach

2. intestines

3. liver

4. gallbladder

5. spleen

6. pancreas

7. kidneys + ureters

8. suprarenal planes

9. aorta

10. inferior vena cava

11. lumbar nerve plexus

-locale: abdominal region

-inferior part of abdominal cavity is the greater (false) pelvis (eg btwn iliac fossa, superior to pelvic inlet)

abdominopelvic cavity

-continuous cavity formed by abdominal and pelvic cavities

-locale: trunk, btwn thoracic and pelvic diaphragms

-major abdominal organs:

1. stomach

2. intestines

3. liver

4. gallbladder

5. spleen

6. pancreas

7. kidneys + ureters

8. suprarenal planes

9. aorta

10. inferior vena cava

11. lumbar nerve plexus

-major pelvic organs:

1. urinary bladder

2. loops of small intestine

3. interior part of sigmoid colon

4. rectum

5. reproductive organs:

   1. ovaries, uterus, vagina - female

      1. prostate and seminal glands.- male

abdominopelvic region

topographic (surface) subdivision of trunk

-locale: trunk, inferior to thoracic region

-abdominal cavity contains:

1. stomach

2. most of intestines

3. liver

4. gallbladder

5. spleen

6. pancreas

7. kidneys and ureters

8. suprarenal glands

9. inferior vena cava

-greater (false) pelvic cavity (inferior part of abdominal cavity) is located btwn iliac fossae, superior to pelvic inlet

-lesser (true) pelvic cavity is located between pelvic inlet (superiorly) and pelvic outlet (interiorly) and it contains:

1. urinary bladder

2. reproductive organs: (ovaries, uterus, vagina - females) (prostate, seminal vesicles - males)

3. loops of ileum

4. sigmoid colon

5. rectum

antebrachial region

-subdivision of upper limb

-contains:

1. skin

2. nerves

3. muscles

4. vessels around radius and ulna

-locale: upper limb (distal); btwn elbow and wrist joints

-aka - forearm region

auricular region

-region of external ear

-locale: head (external cranial region)

axillary region

-subdivision of thoracic region that includes axilla

-axilla is a pyramidal space

-anterior boundary: pectoralis muscles and claripectoral fascia

-posterior boundary: scapula and subscapularis, teres major, and latissimus dorsi muscles

-medial boundary: serratus anterior and upper lateral thoracic wall (ribs 1-4 intercostal muscles)

-lateral boundary: humerus (intertubercular sulcus)

-locale: thoracic region (inferior to shoulder joint); btwn upper arm and lateral thoracic wall

-base:

1. skin

2. subcutaneous tissue

3. axillary (deep) fascia

-apex: passage btwn neck and upper limb (cercivoaxillary canal) formed by rib1, clavical, and superior border of scapula

-contents of axilla:

1. axillary artery, vein and nerves

2. intraclavicular part of brachial plexus

3. areolar tissue

-axilla aka - armpit

back

-formed by skin and subcuteneous tissue, muscles, vertebrial column (inferior to cervical region), ribs (thoracic region) and spinal cord and meninges

-locale: trunk (posterior); between neck region and tip of coccyx

muscles in back include extrinsic group that acts on upper limb and intrinsic group that acts on vertical column and head

brachial region

-subdivision of upper limb

-contains:

1. skin

2. muscles

3. nerves

4. vessels around humerus

-local: upper limb (proximal); between glenohumeral (shoulders) and elbow joint

-aka - arm region

buccal region

-region of cheek

-locale: head (lateral face)

carpal region

-skin, muscles, nerves, and vessels around carpal bones

-locale: upper limb (distal); between antebrachial and hand regions

-aka - wrist region

-wrist joint distinct from carpal region, includes articulations between distal ends of radius and ulna and proximal row of carpal bones (i.e., scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum)

-carpal (intercarpal) joints include articulations between carpal bones

cranial region

-region of cranial cavity (i.e., surrounding brain)

-locale: head (superior part)

-cranial cavity is part of skull that contains brain

cubital region

-subdivision of the upper limb

-contains:

1. skin

2. muscles

3. nerves

4. vessels around distal end of humerus and proximal ends of radius and ulna

-includes:

1. cubital fossa

2. shadow triangular depression on anterior aspect of elbow

3. important structures related to cubital fossa include:

   1. median cubital vien

   2. brachial artery and primary branches (e.g., radial and ulnar arteries)

   3. median and radial nerves

   4. biceps and brachis tendon

-locale: upper limb; anterior and posterior aspects of elbow

-aka - elbow region

-cubital region subdivided into anterior and posterior regions of elbow

-cubital fossa is part of anterior region of elbow

deltoid region

-subdividsion of upper lumb over deltoid muscle

-includes:

1. skin

2. muscles

3. nerves

4. vessels and glenohumeral joint

-locale: upper limb (proximal end)

-aka - shoulder region

-sometimes referred to as “shoulder)

digits of the foot