Study Guide - French and Indian War - PMS - updated

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George Washington

Is a man who began the war with the French and ended the war when the French were losing territory and in retreat. He also surrendered at Fort Necessity.

King George 3 / Parliament

They passed many acts to pay off their debt from the war. They used acts like the Stamp Act or the Sugar Act to get more money from the colonists to pay their debt. This led to the colonists' rebelling becoming the American Revolution.

William Pitt

Is a man who was a political leader. He believed that he could save the country, he brought the military back to their feet and gave them more materials. He then brought his main expeditions to America to settle their conquest of Canada. He then gave the British a new empire.

Braddock

Is a man who led the failed expedition to Fort Duquesne personally. He was a general in the British army. After seeing George Washington's failed efforts he took the matter in his hand leading a march. He attempted to gain control of the valley but ended up dying with George Washington to still be alive.

Pontiac

Was a war leader in 1747 when he allied with the New French against the Huron leader, Nicholas Orontony.  They also allied with the French during the war.

Ohio River Valley

This Area is where most of the incidents of the French and Indian War came from and originate from. Although it was controlled by the French and Indians it was invaded by the British due to the French’s motives of expansion. This brought sites like Fort Duquesne built by the French.

Fort Duquesne / Pittsburgh

A site constructed by the French in the Heart of the Ohio River valley. It was strategically placed by the Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers giving it a prime location, drawing in many failed invasions by the British, until 1758 when the British conquered the area.

Fort Necessity

This area was a circular defensive fort abandoned by George Washington soon after construction. The French had pushed them too hard leading to Washington signing a letter of surrender.

Fort William Henry

This Site was built by the British in the Western Philadelphia to Ohio area. It was supposed to be a site where the British could go to fight the French from the protected ground. However, after being outnumbered and having worn out guns they surrendered the fort for the Native Americans to take it.

Montreal

This is the place where the French governors surrendered to the British and gave them all of Canada. This city is located in Quebec and is the second most populated city in Canada.

Quebec

This place is the second most populated province in Canada. This was where the famous battle occurred in which the British defeated the French, gaining all of Canada as a reward.

Treaty of Paris

This is an agreement between the French and the British after the French and Indian War ended. In this agreement, the French agreed to give over Canada and the Ohio River Valley to the British. The Native Americans who had been living in Canada were not involved in this agreement and were forced to move out of Canada.

Braddock’s March West

A general in the British army was leading a march with his troops to the west towards Pittsburgh. George Washington was a lieutenant colonel at the time and joined this march. During the march, however, The troops got ambushed by the French and ⅔ of the army died, including the general, but George Washington survived.

Capture of Montreal

This event took place on Sept 8, 1760, and was the ending of the French and Indian War. In this event, the city of Montreal, Quebec was captured by the British along with the rest of Canada.

Battle of Quebec

This was the climax of the war and the final stand for the British. Happening on Sept 13, 1759, this event resulted in the British victory. Both armies met in the plains of Abraham and both commanders of the armies were killed.

Pontiac's Rebellion

This series of events happened from 1763-1764. During this time, the Native American leader decided to take down nearby British forts with his army because they were taking over the Native American hunting grounds.

Accumulation of Debt

After the war, the British taxed the colonists on various things, such as playing cards and tea. This eventually led to the American Revolution where the colonists wanted independence from the British and wanted to stop paying taxes to them.

Proclamation 1763

This document said that Anglo-Americans could not settle on land of the Indians past the Appalachian mountains following the French and Indian War.

Albany Plan of Union

It was a plan to have all the thirteen colonies under a centralized government. It was an image that showed that the colonies had to unite together. On the image it said “JOIN OR DIE.”