Electrolysis

aqueous sodium chloride

chlorine gas (anode), hydrogen gas (cathode)

dilute sulfuric acid

oxygen gas + water (anode), hydrogen gas (cathode)

aqueous sodium chloride uses

platinum or carbon/graphite

dilute sulfuric acid uses

platinum or carbon/graphite

uses of chlorine

bleach

uses of hydrogen

margarine

uses of NaOH (sodium hydroxide)

soap + detergents

what does the hoffman voltameter show about electrolysis of dilute sufuric acid

twice amount of hydrogen gas is produced than oxygen gas

rule 1:

the least reactive cation reduced (less reactive than hydrogen)

rule 2 for anode

halide ion gets oxidised (F, Cl, Br, I)

aqueous copper sulfate (graphite)

copper metal (cathode), oxygen gas (anode)

aqueous copper sulfate (copper)

copper metal (cathode - increases mass), oxygen gas (anode - decreases mass)

why does copper anode decrease mass in aqeuous sopper sulfate

copper atoms oxidized + form copper ions

concentration effect on electrolysis

if concentrated halide, it forms at anode. if dilute, oxygen forms

concentrated NaCl

hydrogen gas (cathode), chlorine gas (anode)

dilute NaCl

hydrogen gas (cathode), oxygen gas (anode)

concentrated aqueous copper (II) sulfate

copper (cathode), oxygen gas(anode)

dilute sulfuric acid

hydrogen gas (cathode), oxygen gas (anode)