Zoology and Botany Lecture Notes

Flashcards on Animal Phyla and Plant Structures

Mollusca

Phylum characterized by a soft body and often a hard shell.

Muscular foot

A muscular organ used for locomotion in mollusks.

Mantle

Structure in mollusks that secretes the shell.

Visceral mass

The main body cavity in mollusks, containing organs.

Radula

A feeding structure in mollusks used for scraping food.

Polyplacophora

Class of mollusks with many plates.

Closed V. system

A type of circulatory system found in cephalopods.

Annelida

Phylum of segmented worms.

"Little rings"

Refers to the 'little rings' that make up the segments of annelids.

Oligochaeta

A class of segmented worms including earthworms.

Hirudinea

A class of segmented worms including leeches.

Nematoda

Phylum of roundworms.

Cuticle

The outer layer or skin of roundworms.

Arthropoda

Phylum with jointed appendages.

Exoskeleton

A hard external covering that provides support and protection in arthropods.

Haemocoel

A main body cavity in arthropods.

Tagmatization

The fusion of segments into specialized body regions.

Mesohyl

A gelatinous matrix in Porifera that contains cells.

Choanocytes

Flagellated cells in sponges that trap food.

Amoebocytes

Totipotent, motile cells in sponges that digest and transport nutrients.

Cnidocytes

Cells used by cnidarians for defense and predation.

Scyphozoa

A class of cnidarians including jellyfish.

Osculum

The large opening through which water exits a sponge.

Water vascular system

A water transport system in Echinodermata

Calcareous endoskeleton

Hard plates which form an internal skeleton

Tube feet

A unique locomotory and feeding structure in echinoderms

Nervous System Present

Having a nervous system, typically nerve cords or a simple brain.

Vascular System

System of vessels to carry fluids through the body,

Gastrovascular cavity

Where food is initially broken down and digested

Flame bulb excretory system

Excretory structure found in planarians

Endodermis

Root structure found in monocots consisting of pholem and xylem cells

Stomatal guard cells

Dumb-bell shaped stomatal guard cells