Unit 7 Industrial And EconomicDevelopment Patterns and Processes-StudyGuide

Flashcards for vocabulary review.

Industrial Revolution

Facilitated the growth and diffusion of industrialization through new technologies and the availability of natural resources.

Economic Sectors

Distinct development patterns including primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary, and quinary sectors.

Location of Manufacturing

Influenced by labor, transportation, break-of-bulk points, least cost theory, markets, and resources in core, semi-periphery, and periphery regions.

Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

A measure of social and economic development.

Gross National Product (GNP)

A measure of social and economic development.

Gross National Income (GNI) per capita

A measure of social and economic development.

Gender Inequality Index (GII)

A measure of gender inequality.

Human Development Index (HDI)

A composite measure used to show spatial variation among states in levels of development.

Microloans

Provided opportunities for women to create small local businesses, improving standards of living.

Rostow’s Stages of Economic Growth

A theory explaining spatial variations in development.

Wallerstein’s World System Theory

A theory explaining spatial variations in development.

Dependency Theory

A theory explaining spatial variations in development.

Commodity Dependence

A factor influencing spatial variations in development.

Neoliberal Policies

Including free trade agreements that foster greater globalization.

The World Trade Organization (WTO)

An organization created by neoliberal policies and free trade agreements that foster greater globalization.

International Monetary Fund

An example of an international lending agency.

Outsourcing

Has led to a decline in jobs in core regions and an increase in jobs in newly industrialized countries.

Special Economic Zones

Manufacturing zones that have emerged in countries outside the core.

Free-Trade Zones

Manufacturing zones that have emerged in countries outside the core.

Export-Processing Zones

Manufacturing zones that have emerged in countries outside the core.

Post-Fordist Methods of Production

A transformation in the contemporary economic landscape.

Multiplier Effects

A transformation in the contemporary economic landscape.

Economies of Scale

A transformation in the contemporary economic landscape.

Agglomeration

A transformation in the contemporary economic landscape.

Just-in-time Delivery

A transformation in the contemporary economic landscape.

Sustainable Development

Policies that attempt to remedy problems stemming from natural resource depletion, mass consumption, pollution and climate change.

Ecotourism

Tourism based in natural environments that helps protect the environment while providing jobs.

UN's Sustainable Development Goals

Help measure progress in development.