D072 Fundamentals for Success in Business

Ability

Possession of the means to do something

Active Listening

Giving the sender full, undisrupted attention with the intention of fully receiving his or her message

Aggressive Communicator

Forceful communication style often carried out in a loud and hostile manner

Assertive communicator

Productive communication style used by those who express their ideas while listening attentively to others

Attraction-Selection-Attrition (A-S-A)

A theory holding that (1) Individuals are attracted to organization whose members are similar to themselves in terms of personality, values, interests and other attribute; (2) organizations are more likely to select those who possess knowledge, skills, and abilities similar to the ones their existing members possess; and (3) over time, those who do not fit in well are more likely to leave

Attrition

The unpredictable and uncontrollable but normal reduction of work force due to resignations, retirement, sickness, or death

Autocratic Style

Leadership style that keeps close control over subordinates and does not seek much input from others

Barrier to Effective Communication

Factor that prevents the receiver from receiving and understanding the message accurately

Behavioral Event Interviews

Guided interview questions where individuals describe their thoughts and feelings during specific situations and a coach helps establish a development plan

Channel

Means of passing information from sender to recipient, such as via face-to-face meeting or telephone calls

Code of Ethics

Guide that publicly sets out an organization's key values and ethical obligations

Coercive power

Ability to take something away or punish someone for noncompliance

Communication

Sharing understanding and meanings via oral, nonverbal, and written forms

Communication Style

Dominant way in which an individual interacts and exchanges information with others

Consideration

The relationship oriented between behaviors of a leader

Corporate Culture

The attitudes, values, and standards of behavior that distinguishes one organization form another

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)

Philosophy in which a company voluntarily engages in actions that benefit society, be it economically, socially, politically, or environmentally

Cultutal Diversity

The existence of a variety of cultural or ethnic groups within a workplace

CVF Model

Framework for assessing organizational culture and organizational dynamics

Design Thinking

A method of problem-solving strategy wherein the data collected are expressed visually in order to create new strategies, ways, and methods to solve problems, create opportunities or strengthen weaknesses

Effective Communication

When information transmitted is interpreted by the receiver in the way it was intended by the sender

Emotional Intelligence

The capacity to be aware of controls and express one's emotions, and to handle interpersonal relationships judiciously and empathetically

Emotional Quotient (EQ)

The level of a person's emotional intelligence, often as represented by a score in a standardized test

Empathy

Being attuned and sensitive to the emotional state of others

Employee-Member-Centered Behaviors

Behaviors that focus on supporting employees

Ethics

Principles that serve as a guide about how to behave

Expert Power

Power based on knowledge and special skill or experience

Formal Leaders

A person who is officially designated as the leader of a group

Greenwashing

When organizations carry about CSR missions in an inauthentic way, using them to increase publicity rather than to spur real change

Idealized influence

Form of transformational leadership in which a leader models behaviors and attitudes that subordinates choose to emulate

Illegal-Ethical

Dilemma in which the ethical choice would be in violation of established laws

Individual Contributor

Someone who uses their personal skills to contribute to a team

Individualized Consideration

Form of transformation leadership in which a leader takes the time to learn about the talents of each individual and puts them to good use

Influence Tactics

The way individuals attempt to influence one another in organizations

Informal Leaders

A person who is not officially appointed as the head of a group

Information Power

Power that stems from when a leader possesses knowledge that others need or want

Initiating

The task-related behaviors of a leader

Inspirational Appeals

Engage Values, emotions, and beliefs to gain support for a course of action

Inspirational Motivation

From of transformational leadership in which a leader inspires a passionate vision among subordinates or the organization itself

Intellectual Stimulation

From of transformational leadership in which a leader recognizes the intellect of subordinates and empowers them to contribute towards the success or vision of the organization

Intelligence

The ability to acquire and apply knowledge and skills

Intelligence Quotient

A number representing a person's reasoning ability as compared to the statistical norm or average for their age

Internal Transparency

Degree to which an organization operates with openness, communication, and accountability

International Business Culture

Variations in attitudes, values, goals, and practices shared by individuals, organizations, or societies based on geography

Job-Centered Behaviors

Refers to supervisory functions, such as planning, coordinating work actives, and providing resources

Journaling

Self-reflective process of recording thoughts and emotions from day to day, in order to identify patterns

Knowledge

Facts, information, and skills acquired by a person through experience or education

Laissez-faire Style

A largely "hands-off" leadership style that provides considerable freedom to subordinates. Tends to lead to non-cooperation of team members

Leader

A person who holds a dominant position within a field and can exercise a high degree of control or influence over others

Leadership

The activity of leading a group of people or an organization or the ability to do this

Leadership Style

Manner and approach of direction, implementing plans, and motivating people

Legal

An act that is allowed or is in conformity with the law of the land

Legal-Ethical

When the law and personal organizational ethics are in accordance with each other

Legal-Unethical

Dilemma in which established laws are not in accordance or do not uphold the ethical choice

Legitimate Power

Power that comes from one's organizational role or position

Locus of Control

Extent to which an entity believes the current and anticipates circumstances, and it's response to them are within it's control

Machiavellian

Cunning, scheming, and unscrupulous

Manager

An individual who oversees a certain group of tasks, or a certain subset of a company and often has a staff of people who report to them

McKinsey 7-S

An organization model developed in the 1980's by Tom Peters and Robert Waterman (the authors of In Search of Excellence) that analyzes seven key internal aspects of an organization that need to be aligned if it is to achieve it's objectives and improve performance

Mechanistic

Hierarchical, bureaucratic, organizational structure characterized by (1) centralization of authority, (2) formalization and practices, and (3) specialization of function

Meditation

Focusing all of your energy and attention on one specific area of the present moment

Mindfulness

Consciousness of the present moment

Morals

Rules people develop as a result of cultural norms and values and are, traditionally passed down though generations and characterize a cultural group

Nonverbal communication

Expressing information without the use of words, such as using body language, tone of voice, facial expressions, and even silence

Oral Communication

Expressing information or ideas though spoken words

Organic

Organizational structure characterized by (1) flatness: communications and interactions are horizontal, (2) low specialization: knowledge resides wherever it is most useful, and (3) decentralization: Great deal of formal and informal participation in decision-making

Organizational Culture

The shared values, beliefs, and norms of an organization that affect the strategies and operating procedures of the business

Organizational Ethics

Rules, principles, and standards for deciding what is morally right or wrong when doing business

Organizational Structure

A system used to define a hierarchy within an organization

Participative Style

Leadership style that seeks input from subordinates

Passive Communicator

Tentative communication style used by those who are hesitant to speak up

Passive-Aggressive Communication Style

Indirect communication style that uses hidden messages to express needs and ideas

Pentagon Papers

Illegal-ethical conflict in which U.S. Government officials leaked top secret papers to inform the public about government actions during the Vietnam War

People-Oriented Style

Leadership style that is primarily concerned with interpersonal relations in the workplace

Person-job fit

The degree to which a person's skill, knowledge, abilities, and other characteristics match the job demands

Person-Organization Fit

The degree to which a person's values, personality, goals, and other characteristics match those of the organization

Personal Communication

Information that is exchanged between sender and recipient for personal purposes

Personal Competencies

Emotional intelligence competence related to self-awareness, self-regulation, and motivation

Personal Ethics

Codes, principles, and values that shape our interaction with others

Personality

The relatively stable feelings, thoughts, and behavioral patterns a person has

Power

The ability to influence the behavior of others to get what they want

Process Management

The management initiative to design work processes so that they align with the organizations strategic goals

Professional Communication

Information that is exchanged in a business context for the commercial benefit of an organization

Rational Persuasion

Using facts, data, and logical argument to try and convince others that your point of view is the best alternative

Referent Power

Ability of a leader to influence people because of their attraction and respect to the leader

Rehearsing

When the receiver is preparing what to say in response instead of actively listening to the sender's message

Relationship Management

Part of a strategy to engage existing customers in order to retain them and understand their evolving needs or demands. It is a business paradigm where a business views the association with its patrons as an ongoing relationship rather than a mere transaction

Reward Power

Ability to grant a award to an employee in exchange for job performance

Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX)

Law aimed at improving corporate transparency by requiring clear reporting practices

Self-Awareness

Knowing your inner preferences, beliefs, and resources in order to recognize patterns in your behavior and thoughts

Self-Regulation

Controlling your thoughts and impulses in order to manage your internal state

Simulation Feedback

Participation in challenging emotional intelligence simulation in order to receive feedback on EQ competencies

Situational Theories of Leadership

Leadership theory that suggests that to be effective, leaders must adapt their style based on the circumstances

Skills

Experience and behaviors associated with the application of knowledge

Social Competencies

Emotional intelligence competencies related to empathy and social skills

Social Skills

A broad range of behaviors related to managing relationships with others

Stakeholders

Those who have a stake in the performance and output of an organization, such as employees, unions, investors, suppliers, consumers, local and national governments, and communities

Supportive Communication

Used to preserve a positive relationship between communicators while still addressing the problem at hand

Surveys

Questionnaires that track preferred actions in specific emotional intelligence situations

Task-Oriented Style

Leadership style that is primarily concerned with job tasks