Mem and Cog Ch. 2

Hindbrain

Contains: pons, medulla, cerebellum

Medulla

transmits information from the spinal cord to the brain and regulates life support functions such as respiration, blood pressure, coughing, sneezing, vomiting, and heart rate

Pons

It acts as a neural relay center, facilitating the “crossover” of information between the left side of the body and the right side of the brain. Balance, sleep, arousal, and in the processing of both visual and auditory information

Cerebellum

contains neurons that coordinate muscular activity, governs balance and is involved in general motor behavior and coordination.

Midbrain

Contains: Inferior and superior colliculi, which relay information. Reticular formation, awake, alert, arousal

Forebrain

Contains: Thalamus, hypothalamus, hippocampus, amygdala, cerebral cortex

Thalamus

Involved in relaying information, especially to the cerebral cortex.

Hypothalamus

Controls pituitary gland, and homesotatic behaviors ( Eating, drinking, temperature, sleeping, sexual behaviors, emotional reactions)

Hippocampus

Formation of long-term memory

Amygdala

Modulates the strength of emotional memories and emotional learning.

Cerebral Cortex

Carries information between the cortex and thalamus or between parts of the cortex.

Frontal Lobe

Contains: motor cortex, premotor cortex, and prefrontal cortex. Personality, complex decision-making, executive functioning

Executive functioning

planning, making decisions, implementing strategies, inhibiting inappropriate behaviors, and using working memory to process information

Parietal Lobe

Top Rear: Somatosensory cortex: processes and integrates sensory information from your body, including touch, temperature, pain, and body position

Occipital Lobe

Vision perception, color processing , spatial/depth percpetion, motion detection, recognition pathways.

Temporal Lobe

Side of head: Auditory processing, memory formation ( Hippocampus), Language comprehension (Wernicke’s Area), Visual recognition (Familiar objects), Emotion and behavior, connects to the amygdala.

Faculty Psychology

different mental abilities, such as reading and computation, are independent and autonomous functions carried out in different parts of the brain

Phrenology

psychological strengths and weaknesses could be precisely correlated to the relative sizes of different brain areas

Nueral Plasticity

Certain brain regions’ ability to adapt and “take over” functions of damaged regions.

Lateralization

Specialization of function between hemispheres.