Cam 13 test 4 pass 2

Be at risk /biː æt rɪsk/ = in a situation where you may be harmed [STR: be at risk of + noun; put someone/something at risk; at high/low risk] be at risk of + noun - có nguy cơ bị...

• Example: Coastal areas are at risk of flooding due to rising sea levels.

gặp nguy hiểm, có nguy cơ

Precious /ˈpreʃəs/ = valued = cherished = treasured [STR: precious resource/possession/time; something is precious to someone] (# worthless, cheap)

quý giá, được trân trọng

Sustain /səˈsteɪn/ = support = help = assist = encourage [STR: sustain life/growth; sustain an injury; sustain economic growth] sustain + noun - duy trì/nâng đỡ...

Example: The government must find ways to sustain economic growth.

duy trì, nâng đỡ

Microorganism /ˌmaɪkroʊˈɔːrɡənɪzəm/ = a living thing that is so small that it cannot be seen without a microscope [STR: soil microorganisms, harmful/pathogenic microorganism]

vi sinh vật

Fungus – fungi /ˈfʌŋɡəs/ - /ˈfʌndʒaɪ/ (plural) = a simple type of plant that has no leaves or flowers and grows on plants/surfaces [STR: fungus species, fungal infection, edible fungus]

nấm

Decompose /ˌdiːkəmˈpoʊz/ = to destroy something by breaking it into smaller parts [STR: decompose into + noun; decomposing organic matter]

phân hủy

Mineral /ˈmɪnərəl/ = a substance formed naturally in the earth that can be dug out [STR: mineral resources, mineral content, essential minerals]

khoáng chất

Antibiotics /ˌæntibaɪˈɑːtɪks/ = a drug used to kill bacteria and cure infections [STR: course of antibiotics, antibiotic resistance, broad-spectrum antibiotics]

thuốc kháng sinh

Decay /dɪˈkeɪ/ = to be destroyed gradually by natural processes = decompose [STR: decay into + noun; teeth decay; prevent decay]

phân hủy, mục rữa

Fertile /ˈfɜːrtl/ = fruitful = productive = high-yielding [STR: fertile soil/land; fertile imagination/mind]

màu mỡ, phì nhiêu

Get around something /ɡet əˈraʊnd/ = to avoid something difficult or problematic [STR: get around a problem; find a way around; get around the rules] get around a problem - vượt qua/vòng qua vấn đề

• Example: Farmers developed methods to get around the problem of poor soil.

tránh (khó khăn), vượt qua

Vary /ˈveri/ = be different [STR: vary from... to...; vary depending on; vary widely/significantly]

khác nhau, đa dạng

Uncultivated /ʌnˈkʌltɪveɪtɪd/ = (of land) not used for growing crops [STR: uncultivated land/fields]

không canh tác, hoang hóa

Run on commercial lines /rʌn ɒn kəˈmɜːrʃl laɪnz/ = be involved in the buying and selling of goods/services [STR: run on commercial lines; commercial operation]

hoạt động theo mô hình thương mại

Synthetic /sɪnˈθetɪk/ = artificial = man-made = unnatural [STR: synthetic material; synthetic fertilizer; synthetic fibre]

tổng hợp, nhân tạo

Fertiliser /ˈfɜːrtəlaɪzər/ = a natural/chemical substance spread on land to make plants grow [STR: chemical fertilizer; organic fertilizer; apply fertilizer]

phân bón

Excess /ɪkˈses/ = a larger amount of something than is allowed or needed [STR: excess of + noun; in excess of; excess fat]

sự dư thừa, lượng vượt quá

Wash away /wɑːʃ əˈweɪ/ = if water washes something away, it carries it away with great force [STR: wash away soil; washed away by floods]

cuốn trôi

Indiscriminate /ˌɪndɪˈskrɪmɪnət/ = done without thinking about what harm it might cause [STR: indiscriminate use; indiscriminate killing/bombing]

bừa bãi, không phân biệt

Acidic /əˈsɪdɪk/ = containing acid [STR: acidic soil; acidic solution; acidic taste]

có tính axit

Salty /ˈsɔːlti/ = containing salt [STR: salty soil; salty water; salty taste]

có vị mặn

Nourish /ˈnɜːrɪʃ/ = nurture = cultivate = strengthen = enrich [STR: nourish the soil; nourish the body; nourish a relationship]

nuôi dưỡng, cung cấp dinh dưỡng

Start out /stɑːrt aʊt/ = to begin to do something, especially in business or work [STR: start out as; start out doing something]

bắt đầu (công việc/sự nghiệp)

A cocktail of /ə ˈkɑːkteɪl əv/ = a mixture of several things [STR: a cocktail of chemicals; a cocktail of drugs]

một hỗn hợp (của nhiều thứ)

Humus /ˈhjuːməs/ = soil made of decayed plants/leaves that is good for growing plants [STR: rich humus; humus layer]

mùn (đất)

Plot /plɑːt/ = a small piece of land [STR: test plot; vegetable plot; plot of land]

mảnh đất nhỏ

Pierce /pɪrs/ = pass through [STR: pierce through; pierce the skin; pierce the silence]

xuyên qua

Feed plants with something /fiːd plænts wɪð/ = to give plants a special substance to make them grow [STR: feed crops with fertilizer; feed the soil with nutrients]

bón (phân) cho cây

Unify /ˈjuːnɪfaɪ/ = unite = bring together = integrate [STR: unify the country; unify the system; unify efforts]

thống nhất

Aim to /eɪm tuː/ = to try or intend to achieve something [STR: aim to do something; aim at + noun]

nhằm mục đích, có ý định

Map /mæp/ = to make a map of a particular area [STR: map out; map the region; map the genome]

lập bản đồ

Present /prɪˈzent/ = demonstrate = show [STR: present evidence; present findings; present a plan]

trình bày, thể hiện

Bring something home to somebody /brɪŋ ˈsʌmθɪŋ hoʊm tuː/ = to make someone understand something much more clearly [STR: bring home the message; bring home the reality]bring something home to somebody - làm ai hiểu rõ vấn đề

• Example: The documentary brought home the reality of climate change

làm ai hiểu rõ (điều gì đó)

Vice versa /ˌvaɪs ˈvɜːrsə/ = used to say the opposite of a situation just described is also true [STR: and vice versa; or vice versa]

ngược lại

Carbon neutrality /ˌkɑːrbən nuːˈtræləti/ = taking action to remove as much CO2 as each put in to it [STR: achieve carbon neutrality; carbon-neutral economy]

trung hòa carbon

Expectation /ˌekspekˈteɪʃn/ = what you hope will happen [STR: meet expectations; exceed expectations; high expectations]

kỳ vọng

Be on the brink /biː ɒn ðə brɪŋk/ = be at the point when you are almost in a new situation, usually a bad one [STR: on the brink of + noun; on the brink of collapse/war]

trên bờ vực

Agitate for /ˈædʒɪteɪt fɔːr/ = to argue strongly in public for something you want [STR: agitate for change; agitate for reform; agitate for rights]

đấu tranh đòi (thay đổi chính trị/xã hội)

Immediate /ɪˈmiːdiət/ = instant = prompt = rapid = quick [STR: immediate action; immediate effect; immediate response]

ngay lập tức

Define /dɪˈfaɪn/ = determine = establish = decide [STR: define a term; define a problem; define a policy]

xác định

Conserve /kənˈsɜːrv/ = preserve = protect = maintain = save = safeguard [STR: conserve resources; conserve energy; conserve the environment]

bảo tồn

Unspoilt /ʌnˈspɔɪlt/ = preserved = intact = as good as before = pristine = unharmed = undamaged = untouched = unaffected [STR: unspoilt landscape; unspoilt beauty; unspoilt countryside] "Anh ấy đã tặng quà và chiều chuộng tôi hết mực trong ngày sinh nhật" (He really spoiled me on my birthday).

nguyên vẹn, hoang sơ, không bị tàn phá

Benchmark /ˈbentʃmɑːrk/ = standard = criterion [STR: set a benchmark; benchmark for + noun; benchmark against] set a benchmark for + noun - đặt ra chuẩn mực cho...

• Example: The new policy sets a benchmark for sustainable development.

chuẩn mực, tiêu chuẩn tham chiếu

indiscriminate (adj) /ˌɪndɪˈskrɪmɪnət/:

bừa bãi