L3 LEC COLLECTION AND HANDLING OF BIOPSY SPECIMENS

a

When collecting a tissue specimen, into what specific solution should it be placed?

a) 10% buffered formalin

b) Viral transport media

c) Sterile saline

d) Liquid nitrogen

b

How should bone marrow smears be handled after collection?

a) Kept moist in saline

b) Completely air dried

c) Fixed immediately in formalin

d) Frozen at -70° C

b

Which of the following types of specimens can be sent dry and unfixed?

a) Liver tissue

b) Calculi and foreign bodies

c) Bone marrow aspirate

d) Brain tissue

c

When packaging specimens in biohazard bags, what is the maximum number of vials allowed per bag?

a) 1

b) 2

c) 4

d) 10

b

Swabs will be rejected by the laboratory under which of the following conditions?

a) They are placed in transport media

b) They have dried out

c) They are kept at room temperature

d) They are sent within 2 hours of collection

c

the term "biopsy" is derived from Greek words meaning:

a) Remove disease

b) Look at cells

c) Life and look/appearance

d) Cut and examine

c

In a biopsy report, what does the term "clear margins" or "negative margins" indicate?

a) The tissue is severely diseased

b) Additional treatment is immediately needed

c) No disease was found at the edges of the biopsy specimen

d) The specimen was incorrectly fixed

c

If a biopsy report states there are "positive margins," what is the implication?

a) The entire tumor was successfully removed

b) The tissue is completely benign

c) Disease was found at the edges, and additional treatment may be needed

d) The biopsy specimen was contaminated

a

Which type of biopsy utilizes a fiberoptic instrument inserted through a natural body orifice or a small incision?

a) Endoscopic biopsy

b) Core needle biopsy

c) Stereotactic biopsy

d) Punch biopsy

b

What specific endoscopic procedure is used to visualize the abdominal cavity?

a) Cystoscopy

b) Laparoscopy

c) Arthroscopy

d) Mediastinoscopy

c

A bronchoscopy is an endoscopic procedure used to examine which area?

a) The bladder

b) The joint cavity

c) The trachea and bronchial system

d) The gastrointestinal tract

b

Where is a bone marrow biopsy typically taken from?

a) The sternum

b) The hip bones

c) The femur

d) The vertebrae

b

What is the defining characteristic of an excisional biopsy?

a) Only a small portion of the tumor is removed

b) The entire tumor is removed

c) A core of tissue is taken using a large needle

d) The top layers of skin are shaved off

b

When only a portion of a tumor is removed for examination, this is referred to as a(n):

a) Excisional biopsy

b) Incisional biopsy

c) Punch biopsy

d) Shave biopsy

b

Which type of biopsy uses a thin needle to remove very small pieces from a tumor and rarely causes much discomfort?

a) Core needle biopsy

b) Fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy

c) Wire-localized biopsy

d) Punch biopsy

c

What imaging modalities can be utilized to guide a fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy into an internal organ?

a) MRI or mammogram

b) X-ray only

c) Ultrasound or CT scan

d) Endoscopy

b

A needle or wire-localized biopsy is indicated under which of the following circumstances?

a) When a tumor is extremely large and palpable

b) When a tumor is too small to be seen on ultrasound or not palpable during examination

c) When an entire organ needs to be removed

d) Exclusively for skin lesions

a

What distinguishes a core needle biopsy from a fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy?

a) It uses a large needle fitted with a special tip to remove a larger sample

b) It does not require any local anesthesia

c) It is only used for skin lesions

d) It leaves a large surgical scar

c

Which biopsy technique is guided by x-ray when a tumor is seen on an MRI or mammogram but is not palpable or visible on ultrasound?

a) Endoscopic biopsy

b) Shave biopsy

c) Stereotactic biopsy

d) Incisional biopsy

c

A punch biopsy is primarily used to sample which organ?

a) Liver

b) Lung

c) Skin

d) Kidney

b

What is the specific action of a punch biopsy instrument?

a) It shaves off the top epidermal layer

b) It removes a short cylinder, or "apple core," of tissue, piercing through all layers of the skin

c) It aspirates fluid from a cyst

d) It removes an entire palpable mass

a

Which biopsy type entails solely removing the top layers of skin?

a) Shave biopsy

b) Punch biopsy

c) Core needle biopsy

d) Excisional biopsy

b

Following collection, what is one of the primary departments a tissue specimen is sent to for examination?

a) Hematology

b) Surgical pathology

c) Blood bank

d) Clinical chemistry

a

What are the two acceptable states for a "fixed tissue" specimen?

a) Soaked in 10% buffered formalin or paraffin-embedded

b) Frozen at -70° C or completely air dried

c) Soaked in saline or viral transport media

d) Soaked in alcohol or left dry

b

What issue can arise from "over-fixation" of a tissue specimen?

a) It will dissolve the tissue completely

b) It will form a strong formalin bond in tissue and make antigen retrieval more difficult

c) It will immediately cause the tissue to rot

d) It will prevent the tissue from being embedded in paraffin

c

Why is submitting tissue blocks preferred over submitting pre-cut slides when dealing with fixed tissues?

a) Slides are too heavy to transport

b) Blocks take up less space

c) Epitopes and nucleic acids can degenerate more quickly once tissue is prepared for slides

d) Blocks do not require any labeling

c

At what temperature should fixed tissue specimens be stored and shipped?

a) -70° C

b) 2-8° C

c) Room temperature

d) 37° C

b

Fresh or unfixed tissue is primarily used for which of the following techniques?

a) Routine H&E staining

b) Culture and molecular techniques (e.g., PCR)

c) Immunohistochemistry

d) Creating paraffin blocks

b

What is a strict requirement when collecting fresh tissue specimens from multiple sites?

a) All specimens should be pooled into a single container

b) A separate sterile instrument must be used for each collection site and each specimen placed in a separate sterile container

c) They must all be collected at room temperature and left dry

d) They must immediately be placed in 10% buffered formalin

c

How should frozen tissue specimens be stored and shipped?

a) Stored at room temperature and shipped in formalin

b) Stored at 4° C and shipped on wet ice

c) Stored at -70° C and shipped on dry ice

d) Stored at -20° C and shipped with ice packs