Zoology Lecture Notes - Flashcards

Flashcards covering hierarchy of biological order, life characteristics, classification, ecology, and the scientific method based on the provided zoology notes.

Atom → Molecule → Macromolecule (organelle) → Cell → Tissue → Organ → Organ System → Organism → Population → Community → Ecosystem → Biosphere

What are the levels in the Hierarchy of Order from Atom to Biosphere in correct order?

A cluster of atoms held together by chemical bonds.

What is a Molecule?

The simplest entity that has all the properties of life.

What is a Cell?

A group of similar cells that carry out a particular function in an organism.

What is Tissue?

A structure consisting of tissues that performs a specialized function; may involve two or more tissues.

What is an Organ?

A group of body parts that carry out a particular function in an organism.

What is an Organ System?

An individual independent living entity.

What is an Organism?

A structure within a cell that performs a specific function.

What is an Organelle?

Organisms who live in the same area and actively interbreed with one another.

What is a Population?

All the populations who live in a particular area, including plants, animals, and other organisms.

What is a Community?

The living communities together with its non-living physical surroundings.

What is an Ecosystem?

All of the ecosystems of the Earth.

What is the Biosphere?

Energy taken from environment (food or sunlight) to use for growth, repair, and maintenance of the organism.

What is Metabolism?

Self-propelled movement.

What is Motility?

The ability to respond to changes in the environment (temperature, food, water, enemies, mates, or other elements).

What is Responsiveness?

A way for an organism to produce other individuals of the same type.

What is Reproduction?

Single parent produces identical offspring.

What is Asexual Reproduction?

Two parents produce very similar but not identical offspring.

What is Sexual Reproduction?

The growth in size and complexity of a new organism.

What is Development?

Transmission of genes from parents to offspring.

What is Heredity?

Hereditary factors that control an organism's form and function.

What are Genes?

A change or variation in the genes of a population over time.

What is Evolution?

A group of individuals with similar structures that descended from the same initial group.

What is Species?

Contains several related and similar species.

What is Genus?

A genus name followed by species (e.g., Felis catus for the house cat).

What is binomial nomenclature?

There are 3 domains: Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.

How many Domains are there?

Contains a variety of prokaryotic species.

What are Bacteria?

Prokaryotic species that often inhabit harsh environments.

What are Archaea?

Larger and more complex eukaryotic cells containing four kingdoms: Plantae, Animalia, Fungi, and Protista.

What are Eukarya?

All life developed from a common ancestor.

What is Unity in biology?

Evolution provides the key to diversity.

What is Diversity in biology?

Adaptations help an organism adapt to its own life; specializations help organisms live in many parts of the planet; some relate to energy and materials while others improve growth, reproduction, and movement; usually arise by natural selection.

What are Adaptations?

Nature selects the individuals with the most suitable variations to survive so that a new generation can be born.

What is Natural Selection?

A branch of biology that studies the relationship between living organisms and their environment.

What is Ecology?

Energy; Reproduction; Evolution; Environment; How Biologists study Life; Biology can help solve world problems.

What is a six-theme summary listed in Explore Life?

Energy, Reproduction, Evolution, Environment, How Biologists study Life, Biology can help solve world problems.

What are the six recurring themes in Life that are read about in Explore Life?

Identify a problem; Propose a hypothesis; Make a prediction; Test the prediction; Draw a conclusion.

What are the five steps of the Scientific Method (as listed)?

Identify a problem.

What is the first step of the Scientific Method?

Propose a hypothesis.

What is the second step of the Scientific Method?

Make a prediction.

What is the third step of the Scientific Method?

Test the prediction.

What is the fourth step of the Scientific Method?