Les 2 Education

a conceptual framework of education investment

education as an investment

• private benefits

• higher future earnings

private coszts

• direct costs : tuition and textbooks

• opportunity costs : foregone earanings

improvement in education 1949 -1978

1949: ministry of education : “each villlage should have a primary school”

imrpovement in education

• primaru schools

• high schools

• colleges and above

• campaigns agains illiteracy

education 1978 :

national symposium on science and technology in beijing

→ education as a national development strategy

education main evens 1978-2015

1) compulsory education law

2) higher education expansion

3) school merging in rural china

the compulsory education law

1986 :

education mandatry until 3rd year of middle school

impact

• illiteracy rate deckubes quickly

• primary school enrollment increased

• the transition rate from primary school to junior high school increased

Higher education expansion (1978-2015)

umber of students in this category increased

impact

• expansion provided more access to higher education to the public

• important for economic growth → increase productivity and so on

school merging in rural area

before merging : each village should have a primary school

declining fertility following the OneChidPolicy → improve the fficiency of rural education → merge schools

1990 and bigger scale in 2001

effects of the merging of schools 1985-2001

imporve the quality of shcools, improve the efficiency in resource allocation

long distance school attendance

boarding schooling at young ages ext