History Han Empire

This is your study guide to study this..... lol

Liu Bang

Defeated his rival (king) Xiang Xu by establishing centralizing government. Won the support of people by lowering tax, and softened punishments. (destroyed Rival and won support of people)

Empress Lu

Married Liu Bang, and retained control of the thrown by naming a the first infant and the other as “emperor.” Unfortunately they were too young, so she took in control of th thrown. (keep control of the thrown)

Wudi

Changed the empire by adopting the policy of expanding Chinese empire. He took people to be a part of the government by giving them examinations to see if they’re qualified. (expand Chinese empire, appointed qualified people to work.)

Wang Mang

Tried to balance classes by helping the poor. He then gave land to the poor but gained enemies from the wealthy. After that, he got slaughtered by one of them just for helping the poor. (restore order and bring the country under control)

Paper is invented

To create books which became much more easily available. This spread a lot of education options.

Government makes techniques of silk production a closely guarded secret.

Expanded along the silk road (where you trade) and made silk more valuable.

Territorial expansion brings people of
many cultures under Chinese rule.

process called assimilation was invented in response…

Gap between rich and poor increases.

political instability grew… wasn’t stable.

centralized government,

in which a central authority controls the running of a state. Reporting to Liu Bang’s central government were hundreds of local provincials called commanderies.

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To win popular support, Liu Bang departed from Shi Huangdi’s strict legalism. He lowered taxes and softened harsh punishments.

civil service jobs

The bureaucracy included 18 different ranks of civil service jobs, which were government jobs that civilians obtained by taking examinations.

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In Wudi time there were more than 130,000 such employes taking them….

monopoly

occurs when a group has exclusive control over the production and distribution of certain goods.

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example-

For a time, the government also ran huge silk mills—competing with private silk weavers in making this luxurious cloth. (kept it a secret to themselves, and owns a lot.)

assimilation

assimilation, the process of making conquered people’s part of Chinese culture. To promote assimilation, the government sent Chinese farmers to settle newly colonized areas.

**Xia dynasty**

\- first major Chinese family, unorganized

S**hang dynasty**

the invention of writing; the development of a stratified government; the advancement of bronze technology; and the use of the chariot and bronze weapons in warfare.

**Zhou dynasty**

Chinese philosophies, Confucianism, Taoism, Feudalism, vassals, mandate of heaven, Western and Eastern Zhou, Warring States Period, book-  Sun Tzu-The art of war, weapons- crossbow

**Qin dynast**y

first emperor of China, legalism, civil service exams, very strict banned Confucianism and other Chinese philosophies, **Emperor Qin Shi Huangdi** built the Great Wall of China, considered one of the seven Great Wonders of the World, Terracotta Soldiers- to protect Emperor Qin in the afterlife 

**Han dynasty**

overthrew Qin dynasty, eliminated legalism, brought back Confucianism, the family became the focus of Chinese society, bureaucracy system, meritocracy system based on qualifications, civil service exams, trading route to other places in Asia, Africa and Europe, traded products such as silk, tea, jade, improvements to iron weapons, paper, acupuncture and other medicines, Chinese calligraphy