NR224 Fundamentals Mastery Refresher Flashcards

These vocabulary flashcards cover prioritization, nursing ethics, communication strategies, levels of prevention, domains of learning, and clinical procedures based on the NR224 fundamentals mastery refresher.

Physiological Needs (Maslow’s Hierarchy)

The most fundamental level of needs including oxygen, fluids, nutrition, temperature, elimination, shelter, and sex.

Self-actualization

The highest level of Maslow's hierarchy, characterized by the client's desire to reach their full potential, such as wanting to be a world-class athlete.

Autonomy

A commitment to include patients in decisions about their care and respecting their right to choose.

Beneficence

The ethical principle where the best interests of the patient remain more important than self-interest.

Nonmaleficence

The ethical principle of avoidance of harm or hurt to the patient.

Justice

The ethical principle of fairness, such as providing equal treatment for a wealthy client and a low-income client.

Fidelity

The agreement to keep promises and the unwillingness to abandon patients, such as a nurse returning with medications when promised.

Veracity

The ethical requirement for health care providers to be honest and tell the truth.

ISBAR

A communication mnemonic standing for Introduction, Situation, Background, Assessment, and Recommendation/Request.

Clock Method

A verbally descriptive technique used to help visually impaired clients navigate food placement (e.g., "Chicken is at $6$ o'clock").

Health Belief Model

A model addressing the relationship between a person’s values, beliefs, behaviors, and attitudes about health, focusing on the perception of risk and threat of illness.

Maintenance Stage

The stage of health behavior change that begins $6$ months after engaging in action and continues indefinitely as the client integrates changes into their lifestyle.

Primary Prevention

Activities aimed at avoiding disease through health promotion and health protection, such as vaccines, immunizations, and car seat safety.

Secondary Prevention

Focuses on early detection, quick intervention, and health maintenance, including screenings like mammography, blood pressure checks, and testicular self-exams.

Tertiary Prevention

Rehabilitation and restoration following a stabilization of a condition, such as physical therapy after a stroke or amputation.

Cognitive Learning

A domain of learning that occurs when the client gains information to further their intellectual knowledge.

Affective Learning

A domain of learning involving the development of values and expression of feelings, such as changing attitudes or motivations.

Psychomotor Learning

A domain of learning that occurs when the client develops manual or physical skills, such as demonstrating body mechanics.

Kübler-Ross Stages of Grieving

The sequence of the grieving process: $1.$ Denial, $2.$ Anger, $3.$ Bargaining, $4.$ Depression.

Intramuscular (IM) Injection

Injection into preferred sites like the vastus lateralis, ventrogluteal, or deltoid using a $21-23$ gauge needle ($1/2-to-1.5$ inch) at a $90$-degree angle.

Subcutaneous (SQ) Injection

Injection using a $25-31$ gauge needle ($1/4-to-5/8$ inch) at a $45-90$ degree angle. The maximum volume is $3\,mL$.

Intradermal (ID) Injection

Injection at a $5-to-15$-degree angle using a $25-27$ gauge needle ($1/2$ to $\frac{5}{8}$ inch) in sites like the inner forearm or upper back.

gFOBT (Guaiac Stool Test)

A screen for colon cancer requiring the avoidance of red meat, citrus fruits, and juices for $3$ days before testing to prevent interference.

24-Hour Urine Test

A timed laboratory test that begins after discarding the first voiding and requires all subsequent urine to be collected and refrigerated.

Enteric Feeding Water Flush

Administering $15-30\,mL$ of water before and after bolus or intermittent feedings, or $20-50\,mL$ every $4$ hours for continuous feedings.