CH.11 VOCAB HISTORY EXAM

rotten borough

rural town in England that sent members to Parliament despite having few or no voters

secret ballot

votes cast without announcing them publicly

Queen Victoria

longest-reigning monarch in British history; embodied the values of her age including duty, thrift, honesty, hard work, and respectability

Benjamin Disraeli

leader of the Conservative Party; pushed the Reform Bill of 1867 to increase suffrage in England

William Gladstone

leader of the Liberal Party; worked to extend suffrage to farm workers and most other men

parliamentary democracy

a form of government where ministers are chosen by, responsible to, and members of an elected legislature or parliament

coalition

an alliance of various political parties that join together to run a government

Dreyfus Affair

the conviction of Alfred Dreyfus on spying; based on false evidence due to anti-Semitism in the French government

Zionism

the movement devoted to rebuilding a Jewish state in Palestine

free trade

trade between countries without quotas, tariffs, or other restrictions

absentee landlords

one who owns a large estate but does not live there

expansionism

a policy of extending a nation's boundaries

Louisiana Purchase

a large territory purchased from France in 1803

Manifest Destiny

the belief that the United States was destined to expand from sea to sea across the entire North American continent

segregation

forced separation by race, sex, religion, or ethnicity