Chp. 1.1 Kinetic particle theory and bonding vocab

Element

A pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler form

Matter

Anything that has mass and takes up space

Compound

A substance that is composed of two or more elements

Molecule

A group of atoms bonded together

Atom

The smallest part of a substance that cannot be broken down chemically

Kinetic particle theory

All matter is composed of small particles which have space between them and are in random motion

Water vapor

Water in air form

Protons

A particle in a atom with a positive charge

Neutrons

A particle in an atom with a neutral charge

Electrons

A particle in an atom with a negative charge

Nucleus

The central part of an atom composed of protons and neutrons and containing the atoms mass

Shells

Regions around the nucleus of an atom where the electrons are found

Bond

A connection between two surfaces or objects that have been joined together

Emergent properties

Properties that are not evident in the individual components of a system but show up when joined together. Ex. Water when broken down its just oxygen and hydrogen

Covalent bonds

A chemical bond that involves the sharing of electrons

Ionic bonds

A chemical bond that involves the attraction of opposite charged ion ( positive and negative)

Hydrogen bonds

A bond that is attracted to a proton and electron

Ion

An atom or molecule with a net of electric charge due to the loss or gain of an electron

Polar molecule

Molecules that have an uneven distribution of charged energy