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net primary production (NPP)
the amount of biomass or carbon produced by primary producers obtained by subtracting plant respiratory costs from GPP
NPP =
GPP - Rplant
factors influencing maintenance respiration
nitrogen content, temperature, drought stress, and acclimation responses
roots vs. shoots
plants allocate more biomass to roots when water or nutrients are scare and more to shoots when light or CO2 is limiting
senescence
the age-related deterioration of cells, tissues, or organs in plants leadign to functional decline and eventual death
carbon budget
determined by GPP, respiration, and production (NPP for plants and NEP for ecosystems)
net ecosystem production (NEP)
the balance between GPP and total respiration, including both plant and heterotrophic respiration
climate impact on NPP
regulating photosynthesis, respiration, and resource availability (determines how much energy is allocated to maintenance vs growth)
soil impact on NPP
nutrient availability, water retention, microbial interactions (fertile soils enhance plant productivity)
biota impact on NPP
plant species traits, competition, and symbiotic relationships
topography impact on NPP
microclimates, water availability, slope aspect, and soil depth
time impact on NPP
ecosystem age and disturbance history alter biomass accumulation, resource availability, and plant community composition
pathways of respiration
maintenance respiration, ion uptake, growth respiration
what causes plants to decide where to allocate?
limiting resources and environmental conditions
carbon either goes towards
allocation or respiration (40-50%)
