Aeneid II A2 translation

Tempus erat quo prima quies mortalibus aegris 

incipit et dono divum gratissima serpit. 

in somnis, ecce, ante oculos maestissimus Hector              

visus adesse mihi largosque effundere fletus, 

It was the time when sleep first begins for weary mortals

and creeps over them, most welcome, a gift from the gods.

In my dreams, look, a most sorrowful Hector

seemed to be present before my eyes and shedding an abundance of tears,

raptatus bigis ut quondam, aterque cruento 

pulvere perque pedes traiectus lora tumentis.

ei mihi, qualis erat, quantum mutatus ab illo 

Hectore qui redit exuvias indutus Achilli 

just like before when he had been dragged by the chariot, black with blood

and dust and pierced with leather straps through his swelling feet.

O dear me, what a sight he was, how greatly changed from that

Hector who returned wearing the spoils of Achilles

vel Danaum Phrygios iaculatus puppibus ignis! 

squalentem barbam et concretos sanguine crinis 

vulneraque illa gerens, quae circum plurima muros 

accepit patrios. ultro flens ipse videbar 

or hurled Trojan fire onto the Greek ships!

Wearing a filthy beard and hair matted with blood

and those very many wounds, which he received around the walls of

his native city. Weeping spontaneously, I myself seemed to speak

compellare virum et maestas expromere voces:              

'o lux Dardaniae, spes o fidissima Teucrum, 

quae tantae tenuere morae? quibus Hector ab oris 

exspectate venis? ut te post multa tuorum 

to the man and force out grieving words:

‘O light of Troy, o most trusted hope of the Trojans,

why have you delayed so long? Longed-for Hector, from which shores

have you come? How glad we are to see you after

funera, post varios hominumque urbisque labores 

defessi aspicimus! quae causa indigna serenos                

foedavit vultus? aut cur haec vulnera cerno?' 

ille nihil, nec me quaerentem uana moratur, 

the deaths of many of your people, after the various sufferings of your people and city,

exhausted as we are! What undeserved cause has

defiled your serene face? Or why do I see these wounds?’

He said nothing in reply, not did he heed my idle questions,

sed graviter gemitus imo de pectore ducens, 

'heu fuge, nate dea, teque his' ait 'eripe flammis. 

hostis habet muros; ruit alto a culmine Troia.              

sat patriae Priamoque datum: si Pergama dextra 

but drawing groans heavily from the depth of his chest,

he said, ‘Alas! Run away, son of the goddess, and tear yourself from these flames.

The enemy holds the walls; Troy is crashing down from its highest point.

You have given enough to your country and to Priam: if Troy

defendi possent, etiam hac defensa fuissent. 

sacra suosque tibi commendat Troia penatis; 

hos cape fatorum comites, his moenia quaere 

magna pererrato statues quae denique ponto.'

could have been defended by a right hand, it would also have been defended by this one.

Troy entrusts its sacred objects and its own city gods to you;

take them as companions of your destiny, search for a great city for them

which you will finally found after long wanderings over the sea.’

sic ait et manibus vittas Vestamque potentem 

aeternumque adytis effert penetralibus ignem. 

Diverso interea miscentur moenia luctu, 

et magis atque magis, quamquam secreta parentis 

So he spoke and with his own hands carried out the sacred headbands and powerful Vesta

and the eternal flame from the innermost shrine of the temple.

Meanwhile the city was thrown into confusion with different cries of grief,

and more and more, although the house of my father Anchises was set

Anchisae domus arboribusque obtecta recessit,                

clarescunt sonitus armorumque ingruit horror. 

excutior somno et summi fastigia tecti 

ascensu supero atque arrectis auribus asto: 

apart and set back, screened by trees,

the sounds grew louder and the clashing of weapons rushed onwards.

I was shaken from my sleep and I reached the highest point of the roof

by climbing and I stood there with my ears attentive:

in segetem veluti cum flamma furentibus Austris 

incidit, aut rapidus montano flumine torrens              

sternit agros, sternit sata laeta boumque labores 

praecipitisque trahit silvas; stupet inscius alto 

just as when flames descend on a cornfield fanned by the raging South Winds,

or a rushing torrent from a mountain river

flattens the fields, flattens the fertile crops and oxens’ labours

and drags the woods headlong; the shepherd, uncomprehending, is stunned

accipiens sonitum saxi de vertice pastor. 

tum vero manifesta fides, Danaumque patescunt 

insidiae. iam Deiphobi dedit ampla ruinam              

Volcano superante domus, iam proximus ardet 

Ucalegon; Sigea igni freta lata relucent. 

as he takes in the sound from the top of a high rock.

Then indeed the truth was clear and the treachery of the Greeks was revealed.

Now the great house of Deiphobus came crashing down,

overpowered by Vulcan, now his neighbour Ucalegon

was burning; the broad straits of Signeum reflect the flames.

exoritur clamorque virum clangorque tubarum. 

arma amens capio; nec sat rationis in armis, 

sed glomerare manum bello et concurrere in arcem             

cum sociis ardent animi; furor iraque mentem 

praecipitat, pulchrumque mori succurrit in armis. 

Both the shouts of men and the blare of trumpets arose.

Without thinking, I seized my weapons; there was no rationale for weapons,

but my spirit burned to gather men for battle and race to the citadel

with my comrades; fury and anger hurled my mind

headlong, and it occurred to me that dying in arms was a beautiful thing.

Primus se Danaum magna comitante caterva             

Androgeos offert nobis, socia agmina credens 

inscius, atque ultro verbis compellat amicis: 

'festinate, viri! nam quae tam sera moratur 

The first of the Greeks to encounter us was Androgeos, with a large group

accompanying him, and in his ignorance believing the troops to be friendly,

called out to us first with friendly words:

‘Hurry men! What slowness delayed you making you so late?

segnities? alii rapiunt incensa feruntque 

Pergama: vos celsis nunc primum a navibus itis?'                

dixit, et extemplo (neque enim responsa dabantur 

fida satis) sensit medios delapsus in hostis. 

obstipuit retroque pedem cum voce repressit. 

Others have seized the burning citadel and are plundering it:

have you just come now from your tall ships?

He spoke, and straightaway (for no trustworthy enough answer was given)

he realised that he had fallen into the midst of the enemy.

He was stupefied and took a step backwards without a word.

improvisum aspris veluti qui sentibus anguem 

pressit humi nitens trepidusque repente refugit              

attollentem iras et caerula colla tumentem, 

haud secus Androgeos visu tremefactus abibat. 

Just like someone in a rough thicket who has stepped on an unseen snake,

treading hard on the ground, and flees back in sudden panic

as it rises in anger and puffs up its blue-green neck,

in the same way Androgeos began to move away, trembling at the sight.

inruimus densis et circumfundimur armis, 

ignarosque loci passim et formidine captos 

sternimus; aspirat primo Fortuna labori.         

atque hic successu exsultans animisque Coroebus 

We rushed onto them and surrounded them with massed weapons,

and we cut them down everywhere, as they didn’t know the area and were stricken

with fear; at first Fortune favoured our efforts.

At this point Coroebus, revelling in this success and with high spirits

'o socii, qua prima' inquit 'Fortuna salutis 

monstrat iter, quaque ostendit se dextra, sequamur: 

mutemus clipeos Danaumque insignia nobis 

aptemus. dolus an virtus, quis in hoste requirat? 

said ‘O comrades, let us follow the route to safety that Fortune

shows us first, and where she shows herself to be favourable:

Let us change shields with the Greeks and let us put on their insignia.

Who when dealing with an enemy would ask whether it is treachery or courage?

arma dabunt ipsi.' sic fatus deinde comantem 

Androgei galeam clipeique insigne decorum 

induitur laterique Argiuum accommodat ensem. 

hoc Rhipeus, hoc ipse Dymas omnisque iuventus 

laeta facit: spoliis se quisque recentibus armat. 

They themselves will give us their armour.’ So he spoke and then

he put on the plumed helmet of Androgeos and his richly-decorated shield

and fitted the Greek sword to his side.

Rhipeus happily did this, as did Dymas himself and all the young men:

each armed himself with the spoils he had just taken.

vadimus immixti Danais haud numine nostro 

multaque per caecam congressi proelia noctem 

conserimus, multos Danaum demittimus Orco. 

We moved forward mingling with the Greeks, not with the protection

of our gods, and having clashed blindly in the night we fought many battles,

and sent many Greeks down to Orcas.

diffugiunt alii ad navis et litora cursu 

fida petunt; pars ingentem formidine turpi              

scandunt rursus equum et nota conduntur in alvo. 

Heu nihil inuitis fas quemquam fidere divis! 

Some scattered towards their ships and ran for the trusty shore;

others in shameful fear climbed again into the huge

horse and hid in its familiar belly.

Ah, it is in no way right to have faith in gods who oppose you!

ecce trahebatur passis Priameia virgo 

crinibus a templo Cassandra adytisque Minervae 

ad caelum tendens ardentia lumina frustra,              

lumina, nam teneras arcebant vincula palmas. 

Look! Priam’s virgin daughter Cassandra was being dragged

with her hair dishevelled from the temple and shrine of Minerva

turning her burning eyes to the heavens in vain,

only her eyes, for ropes were binding her tender hands.

non tulit hanc speciem furiata mente Coroebus 

et sese medium iniecit periturus in agmen; 

consequimur cuncti et densis incurrimus armis. 

hic primum ex alto delubri culmine telis

Coroebus could not bear this sight and with his mind in a rage

he threw himself into the midst of the enemy to his death;

we all followed together and rushed in with close-packed weapons.

Here at first we were attacked from the high gable of the citadel by the weapons

nostrorum obruimur oriturque miserrima caedes 

armorum facie et Graiarum errore iubarum. 

tum Danai gemitu atque ereptae virginis ira 

undique collecti invadunt, acerrimus Aiax 

et gemini Atridae Dolopumque exercitus omnis: 

of our own side and a most wretched slaughter was brought about

because of the appearance of our weapons and the confusion of our Greek crests.

Then the Greeks with angry cursing at the rescue of the girl

gathered from all sides to attack, Ajax, most fierce of all

and the two sons of Atreus and the whole army of the Dolopians:

adversi rupto ceu quondam turbine venti 

confligunt, Zephyrusque Notusque et laetus Eois 

Eurus equis; stridunt silvae saevitque tridenti 

spumeus atque imo Nereus ciet aequora fundo. 

just like when at some time or other opposing winds collide when a storm has broken

the West wind and the South wind and the East wind

rejoicing in the horses of Dawn; the forests howl and with his trident

foaming Nereus rages and churns the sea from its deepest depths.

illi etiam, si quos obscura nocte per umbram              

fudimus insidiis totaque agitavimus urbe, 

apparent; primi clipeos mentitaque tela 

agnoscunt atque ora sono discordia signant. 

Those Greeks, whoever we had routed in the darkness of the night

by our ambushes and had scattered throughout the city,

also appeared; they were the first to recognise our shields and the deceiving arms,

and marked our speech as different in sound.

ilicet obruimur numero, primusque Coroebus 

Penelei dextra divae armipotentis ad aram                

procumbit; cadit et Rhipeus, iustissimus unus 

qui fuit in Teucris et servantissimus aequi 

In an instant, we were attacked by a number of them, and Coroebus

was the first to fall, by the right hand of Penelaus, at the altar of the powerful goddess in arms;

Rhipeus also fell, the most just man

who amongst the Trojans was the most watchful of justice

(dis aliter visum); pereunt Hypanisque Dymasque 

confixi a sociis; nec te tua plurima, Panthu, 

labentem pietas nec Apollinis infula texit.         

Iliaci cineres et flamma extrema meorum, 

(it seemed otherwise to the gods); Hypanis and Dymas died,

pierced by their comrades; your great devotion did not

protect you as you fell, Panthus, not did the sacred headband of Apollo.

I call to witness the ashes of Troy and the final flames of my people,

testor, in occasu vestro nec tela nec ullas 

vitavisse vices Danaum et, si fata fuissent 

ut caderem, meruisse manu. divellimur inde, 

Iphitus et Pelias mecum (quorum Iphitus aevo               

iam gravior, Pelias et vulnere tardus Ulixi), 

that in your fall I avoided neither weapons nor any perils

of the Greeks, and if it had been my fate

to fall, I had earned that by my hand. We were wrenched away from there,

Iphitus and Pelias with me (Iphitus was now heavier due to

his age, Pelias slowed down by a wound from Ulysses)

protinus ad sedes Priami clamore vocati. 

hic vero ingentem pugnam, ceu cetera nusquam 

bella forent, nulli tota morerentur in urbe, 

sic Martem indomitum Danaosque ad tecta ruentis              

cernimus obsessumque acta testudine limen. 

called straight to the palace of Priam by shouting.

Here we saw a huge fight indeed, as if there were no other

battles elsewhere, and nobody was dying in the whole of the city,

so we saw irresistible Mars and Greeks rushing to the palace

and the doorway besieged by the ‘tortoise’ driven against it.

haerent parietibus scalae postisque sub ipsos 

nituntur gradibus clipeosque ad tela sinistris 

protecti obiciunt, prensant fastigia dextris. 

Ladders were hooked to the walls and right beside the doorposts themselves

they struggled up the rungs and they held out their shields with their left hands

to protect against the weapons, and grasped the tops of the walls with their right hands.

Dardanidae contra turris ac tota domorum                

culmina convellunt; his se, quando ultima cernunt, 

The Trojans, to counter this, tore down the turrets and the roofs

of all their dwellings; with these weapons, when they saw that the end was near,

extrema iam in morte parant defendere telis, 

auratasque trabes, veterum decora alta parentum, 

devolvunt; alii strictis mucronibus imas 

obsedere fores, has servant agmine denso. 

they prepared now to defend themselves in their moment of death,

and they rolled down the golden beams, the lofty ornaments of their ancestors;

others were blocking the doorways below with drawn swords,

protecting them with a close-packed battle line.

instaurati animi regis succurrere tectis 

auxilioque levare viros uimque addere victis. 

Limen erat caecaeque fores et pervius usus 

tectorum inter se Priami, postesque relicti 

a tergo, infelix qua se, dum regna manebant,  

My spirits were restored to bring help to the king’s palace

and to relieve the men with my assistance and to add strength to the defeated.

There was an entrance and a hidden doorway, a means of access

which joined the different parts of Priam’s palace, and an unnoticed rear door,

through which the unfortunate Andromache, whilst the kingdom still stood,

saepius Andromache ferre incomitata solebat 

ad soceros et auo puerum Astyanacta trahebat. 

evado ad summi fastigia culminis, unde 

tela manu miseri iactabant inrita Teucri. 

often used to take herself, unaccompanied,

to her parents-in-law and used to drag the boy Astynax to his grandfather.

I slipped through this to the gable of the highest roof, from where

the wretched Trojans were throwing their futile weapons with force.

turrim in praecipiti stantem summisque sub astra             

eductam tectis, unde omnis Troia videri 

et Danaum solitae naves et Achaica castra, 

There was a tower standing on the edge and rising up to the stars

from the top of the palace, from where we used to see the whole of Troy

and the Greek ships and the Acheaan camp;

adgressi ferro circum, qua summa labantis 

iuncturas tabulata dabant, convellimus altis 

sedibus impulimusque; ea lapsa repente ruinam               

cum sonitu trahit et Danaum super agmina late 

incidit. ast alii subeunt, nec saxa nec ullum 

telorum interea cessat genus. 

having attacked this tower with tools all around it, where the highest

stories offered weaker joints, we tore it from its high

position and drove it down; with a sudden collapse it brought destruction

with a crash and fell onto the columns of Greeks far and wide.

But others came up, and neither rocks nor any

type of weapon ceased in the meantime.

Vestibulum ante ipsum primoque in limine Pyrrhus 

exsultat telis et luce coruscus aena:              

qualis ubi in lucem coluber mala gramina pastus, 

frigida sub terra tumidum quem bruma tegebat, 

nunc, positis novus exuviis nitidusque iuventa, 

Before the front court itself and on the first part of the threshold Pyrrhus

was exultant with bronze weapons gleaming in the light:

just like when a snake which has fed on poisonous herbs

which freezing winter was protecting, swollen and under the ground,

now, renewed with its skin laid aside and glistening with youth,

lubrica convoluit sublato pectore terga 

arduus ad solem, et linguis micat ore trisulcis.                

una ingens Periphas et equorum agitator Achillis, 

armiger Automedon, una omnis Scyria pubes 

succedunt tecto et flammas ad culmina iactant. 

coils its shiny back into the light, with chest raised

high up to the sun, and it flickers from its mouth with triple-forked tongue.

With him, huge Periphas and the driver of Achilles’ horses,

armour-bearing Automedon, and with him all the Scyrian youth

came up to attack the palace and hurled firebrands onto the roofs.

ipse inter primos correpta dura bipenni 

limina perrumpit postisque a cardine vellit            

aeratos; iamque excisa trabe firma cavavit 

robora et ingentem lato dedit ore fenestram. 

Pyrrhus himself along the front ranks seized a double-headed axe

and broke up the hard threshold and wrenched the bronze-plated door-posts

from their sockets; and now having cut out a beam he hollowed the strong oak

and provided a huge opening with a broad mouth.

apparet domus intus et atria longa patescunt; 

apparent Priami et veterum penetralia regum, 

armatosque vident stantis in limine primo.              

The inside of the house became visible and the long reception rooms were revealed;

the innermost parts of the palace of Priam and of the ancient kings could be seen

and he saw armed men standing on the first threshold.

at domus interior gemitu miseroque tumultu 

miscetur, penitusque cavae plangoribus aedes 

femineis ululant; ferit aurea sidera clamor. 

But the interior of the palace was a confusion of groaning and wretched tumult,

and deep within the hollow rooms rang with the

wailing of women; their shouting struck the golden stars.

tum pavidae tectis matres ingentibus errant 

amplexaeque tenent postis atque oscula figunt.              

instat vi patria Pyrrhus; nec claustra nec ipsi 

custodes sufferre valent; labat ariete crebro 

ianua, et emoti procumbunt cardine postes. 

Then terrified mothers were wandering the huge palace

and holding the door-posts in an embrace and kissing them.

Pyrrhus pressed on with his father’s violence; neither bolts nor the

guards themselves were able to withstand him; under constant battering

the door collapsed, and the doorposts wrenched from their sockets fell to the ground.

fit via vi; rumpunt aditus primosque trucidant 

immissi Danai et late loca milite complent.           

non sic, aggeribus ruptis cum spumeus amnis 

exiit oppositasque evicit gurgite moles, 

A way through was made by force; the Greeks pouring in burst through the entrance

and slaughtered the first men and filled the area far and wide with soldiers.

A foaming river is not like this when from its burst banks

it floods out and with its swirling current overcomes the barriers holding it,

fertur in arva furens cumulo camposque per omnis 

cum stabulis armenta trahit. vidi ipse furentem 

caede Neoptolemum geminosque in limine Atridas,               

vidi Hecubam centumque nurus Priamumque per aras

is carried in a cresting wave, raging, into the fields and through all the fields

it drags cattle and their pens. I myself saw Neoptolemus

raging with slaughter, and the twin sons of Atreus on the threshold;

I saw Hecuba and her hundred daughters and Priam amongst the altars,

sanguine foedantem quos ipse sacraverat ignis. 

quinquaginta illi thalami, spes tanta nepotum, 

barbarico postes auro spoliisque superbi 

procubuere; tenent Danai qua deficit ignis.

polluting with blood the fires which he himself had sanctified.

Those fifty bedchambers, such a great hope of generations to come,

the doorposts with oriental gold and proud with their spoils,

fell down; the Greeks held those parts not taken by the fire.

Forsitan et Priami fuerint quae fata requiras. 

urbis uti captae casum convulsaque vidit 

limina tectorum et medium in penetralibus hostem, 

Perhaps you may also ask what the fate of Priam was.

When he saw the fall of the captured city and the torn-off

doors of the palace and the enemy in the midst of the innermost sanctuary,

arma diu senior desueta trementibus aevo 

circumdat nequiquam umeris et inutile ferrum            

cingitur, ac densos fertur moriturus in hostis. 

the old man in vain put his long-unused armour around his shoulders

trembling with old age and fastened on his useless sword,

and he rushed, about to die, into the thick of the enemy.

aedibus in mediis nudoque sub aetheris axe 

ingens ara fuit iuxtaque veterrima laurus 

incumbens arae atque umbra complexa penatis. 

hic Hecuba et natae nequiquam altaria circum,  

In the middle of the palace and under the naked vault of heaven

was a huge altar and next to it an ancient bay tree

overhanging the altar and embracing the household gods with its shade.

Here Hecuba and her daughters were sitting in vain around the altar

praecipites atra ceu tempestate columbae, 

condensae et divum amplexae simulacra sedebant. 

ipsum autem sumptis Priamum iuvenalibus armis 

ut vidit, 'quae mens tam dira, miserrime coniunx, 

just like doves driven headlong by a black storm,

huddled together and embracing the statues of the gods.

But when she saw that Priam himself had put on the armour of his youth,

she said ‘what thought so monstrous, most wretched husband,

impulit his cingi telis? aut quo ruis?' inquit.             

'non tali auxilio nec defensoribus istis 

tempus eget; non, si ipse meus nunc adforet Hector. 

huc tandem concede; haec ara tuebitur omnis, 

has driven you to put on these weapons? and where are you rushing to?

The situation has no need of such help or defenders like you;

not even my Hector if he were here now…

Please, come over here; this altar will protect us all,

aut moriere simul.' sic ore effata recepit 

ad sese et sacra longaeuum in sede locavit.            

Ecce autem elapsus Pyrrhi de caede Polites, 

or you will die with us.’ Having spoken in this way she drew

the old man to her and settled him in the holy place.

But look! Polites, one of Priam’s sons, having escaped from the slaughter of Pyrrhus,

unus natorum Priami, per tela, per hostis 

porticibus longis fugit et vacua atria lustrat 

saucius. illum ardens infesto vulnere Pyrrhus 

insequitur, iam iamque manu tenet et premit hasta.

was fleeing through the weapons, through the enemy

down the long colonnades and across the empty halls,

wounded. Pyrrhus was hotly pursuing him with a hostile wound,

and now, now he takes hold of him with his hand and presses upon him with a spear.

ut tandem ante oculos evasit et ora parentum, 

concidit ac multo vitam cum sanguine fudit. 

hic Priamus, quamquam in media iam morte tenetur, 

non tamen abstinuit nec voci iraeque pepercit: 

When at last he emerged before the eyes and faces of his parents,

he collapsed and with lots of blood poured out his life.

At this point Priam, although hemmed in now in the very grip of death,

did not however hold back nor spare angry words:

'at tibi pro scelere,' exclamat, 'pro talibus ausis              

di, si qua est caelo pietas quae talia curet, 

persolvant grates dignas et praemia reddant 

debita, qui nati coram me cernere letum 

fecisti et patrios foedasti funere vultus. 

‘As for you,’ he cried, ‘for your wicked act and for such deeds

may the gods, if there is any justice in the heavens that cares for such things,

grant you deserved thanks and give you due reward,

you who made me see the death of my son in front of my eyes,

and defiled a father’s sight with his corpse.

at non ille, satum quo te mentiris, Achilles             

talis in hoste fuit Priamo; sed iura fidemque 

supplicis erubuit corpusque exsangue sepulcro 

reddidit Hectoreum meque in mea regna remisit.' 

But that Achilles, by whom you falsely say you were fathered,

did not behave like that with his enemy Priam; instead the rights and trust

due to suppliants he respected and returned for burial the bloodless body

of Hector and sent me back to my kingdom.’

sic fatus senior telumque imbelle sine ictu 

coniecit, rauco quod protinus aere repulsum,             

et summo clipei nequiquam umbone pependit. 

cui Pyrrhus: 'referes ergo haec et nuntius ibis 

So spoke the old man and threw his feeble spear without any force

which was immediately fended off by the clanging bronze,

and hung down ineffectively from the surface of the shield’s boss.

Pyrrhus replied to him: ‘You will report these things therefore and go as a messenger

Pelidae genitori. illi mea tristia facta 

degeneremque Neoptolemum narrare memento. 

nunc morere.' hoc dicens altaria ad ipsa trementem              

traxit et in multo lapsantem sanguine nati, 

to my father, the son of Peleus. Remember to tell him

of my grim deeds and of degenerate Neoptolemus.

Now die.’ Saying this, he dragged him trembling to the very altar

slipping in lots of his son’s blood,

implicuitque comam laeva, dextraque coruscum 

extulit ac lateri capulo tenus abdidit ensem. 

haec finis Priami fatorum, hic exitus illum 

and with his left hand grasped his hair, while with his right

he raised the flashing sword and buried it up to its hilt in his side.

This was the end of Priam’s fate, this death

sorte tulit Troiam incensam et prolapsa videntem              

Pergama, tot quondam populis terrisque superbum 

regnatorem Asiae. iacet ingens litore truncus, 

avulsumque umeris caput et sine nomine corpus. 

by fate carried him off as he saw Troy burnt and the citadel of Troy in ruins,

once the proud ruler of Asia with so many peoples

and lands. His huge torso lay on the shore,

the head torn from the shoulders, a corpse without a name.