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17 Terms
1
Cells
The smallest unit of self-sustaining life that contains all components necessary to carry out the eight processes of life.
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2
Metabolism
Chemical reactions that take place within the cells of an organism.
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3
Response to stimuli
The ability of cells to respond to changes in the external environment.
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4
Homeostasis
The maintenance of constant internal conditions despite changes in the external environment.
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5
Movement
Having some control over their place and position, aided by specialized structures.
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6
Growth
Increasing in size over time, and in multicellular organisms, an increase in the number of cells.
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7
Reproduction
The process of producing offspring and ensuring genetic material is passed on.
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8
Excretion
The removal of metabolic waste from the cell.
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9
Nutrition
The intake or production of nutrients; heterotrophic organisms obtain nutrients from the external environment, while autotrophic organisms produce their own.
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10
MR HM GREN
An acronym to help remember the eight processes of life: Metabolism, Response to stimuli, Homeostasis, Movement, Growth, Reproduction, Excretion, Nutrition.
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11
Viruses
Entities that are considered non-living as they cannot reproduce independently and rely on host cells for many life processes.
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12
Spontaneous origin of cells
The theory that the first cells evolved from simple organic molecules undergoing various chemical processes.
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13
Miller and Urey experiment
An experiment that demonstrated the non-living synthesis of organic molecules under pre-biotic Earth conditions.
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14
Chemical environment
The internal conditions within a cell that differ from those of the external environment, important for cellular functioning.
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15
RNA first hypothesis
The theory that RNA was the first genetic material and acted as both genetic material and catalyst.
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16
Ribozymes
RNA molecules that have catalytic activity, supporting the RNA first hypothesis.
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17
Duplication vs. Replication
Duplication means making an exact copy once, while replication refers to the process of making copies, typically in larger numbers.
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