Arterial Puncture (ABG) - Chapter 14 PMLS2

0.21

fraction of inspipred oxygen (FIO) for room air

22-gauge or smaller

needles for radial ABG collection. lessen pain and the likelihood of arteriospasm and hematoma

1 % lidocaine

local anesthetic to numb the site

1 or 2 ml plastic syringe

syringe used

22-gauge 1-in needle

needle used for radial and brachial puncture

22-gauge 1 1/2-in needle

used for femoral puncture

1-to 5-ml self filling syringe

collection device

bubble removal cap

device to cover the end of the syringe after the needle removal to maintain anaerobic conditions with the specimen.

1 to 5 DC

temperature to slow the metabolism of WBCs which consume oxygen.

2 × 2-in gauge squares

hold the pressure over the site until the bleeding has stopped.

20-30 minutes

patient should have been in a stable or steady state for at least _________ before the blood gas specimen is obtained.

Modified Allen Test

way to assess collateral circulation before collecting blood specimen from the radial artery

positive

this test result means that the ulnar artery is freely open and able to supply blood circulation to the arm.

arterial puncture can be performed.

negative

this test result means that the ulnar artery cannot supply adequate blood flow to the arm if the radial artery is inadvertently damaged during arterial puncture.

arterial puncture should not be performed.

1-2 minutes

wait for about _______ for the anesthetic to take full effect

15-20 minutes

the anesthetic wears of in ________

Radial ABG procedure

can be performed only if it is determined that there is collateral circulation provided by the ulnar artery and the site meets other selection criteria.

side, away from the body (abducted)

position the patient’s arm out to the __________ with the palm facing up and the wrist supported

30 degree angle

ask the patient to extend the wrist at approximately ______- to bring the artery closer to the surface of the skin and stretch and fix the tissue over the ligaments and bone of the wrist.

45 degree angle

insert the needle at _________

90 degree angle

femoral puncture requires _____

3-5 minutes

apply firm pressure to the puncture site for a minimum of _____

2 minutes

if bleeding, swelling, or bruising is noted, reapply for an additional _____—

15 minutes

apply an elastic bandage with moderate pressure and make a notation as to when the bandage may be removed; this should not exceed _____

within 15 minutes

most testing sites require delivery within

within 30 mins

ABG specimen will be analyzed within ________

5 mins

if the patient has an elevated leukocyte or platelet count, the specimen should be analyzed within ____ of collectioon

heparinized glass syringe

if a delay in analysis is expected beyond either of the limits, specimen should be collected in ________ and cooled as soon as possible by placing it in ice slurry

TRUE

specimens for electrolyte testing in addition to ABG evaluation should NOT be cooled because cooling affects the diffusion of K in and out of the cells.

Arteriospasm

pain or irritation caused by needle penetration of the artery muscle and even patient anxiety can cause a reflex (involuntary) contraction of the artery

thrombus formation

injury to the intima or iiner wall of the artery can lead to _________

thrombus

blood clot

embolus

circulating undissolved matter, such as a blood clot

embolism

obstruction of a blood vessel

Vasovagal response

faintness or loss of consciousness related to hypotension caused by a nervous system response.

Heparin

accepted anticoagulant for ABG