roman history

Foundation Myth

According to legend, Rome was founded in 753 BCE by Romulus and Remus, twin brothers raised by a she-wolf.

Punic Wars

Military conflicts between Rome and Carthage (264-146 BCE) that solidified Rome's dominance in the Mediterranean.

Roman Republic

Established in 509 BCE after the overthrow of the last king, Tarquin the Proud, allowing broader civic participation.

Scipio Africanus

Roman general known for defeating Hannibal at the Battle of Zama in 202 BCE, marking a turning point in the Second Punic War.

Legions

The main military unit of the Roman army, consisting of 4,500 to 5,000 soldiers, recognized by an eagle standard.

Public baths (thermae)

Important social centers in Rome where people went to relax, exercise, and socialize.

Paterfamilias

The title held by the father in Roman society, having absolute authority over the family.

Hannibal Barca

Carthaginian general known for his tactical genius during the Second Punic War against Rome.

Ambush and Deception

Hannibal's tactics that involved surprising Roman forces and exploiting their underestimation of his capabilities.

Cohorts

Divisions of a legion serving as the primary tactical unit, typically containing around 480 soldiers.