Dental Anatomy - Maxillary Second Premolars

Evidence of calcification of Maxillary Second Premolars

2 years

Enamel completion of Maxillary Second Premolars

6-7 years

Eruption of Maxillary Second Premolars

11-12 years

Root completion of Maxillary Second Premolars

12-14 years

General Characteristics of Maxillary Second Premolars

- crown is slightly smaller in all dimensions than the first premolar

- exhibits more rounded crown form

- buccal and lingual cusps are of nearly equal height (wear can trick you)

- normally no mesial concavity or marginal groove on the crown

- normally single rooted

- more variations from normal are observed with these

On the buccal aspect of maxillary second premolars, the buccal cusp (is/is not) as long or pointed as the first premolar with a mesial offset

is not

On the buccal aspect of maxillary second premolars, the mesial cusp ridge is (shorter/longer) than the distal cusp ridge

shorter

on the buccal aspect of maxillary second premolars, the mesioocclusal and distoocclusal line angles are (more/less) prominent, with a straight mesial surface

less

on the lingual aspect of maxillary second premolars, the lingual cusp is (longer/shorter) occlusocervically than the first premolar

longer

on the lingual aspect of maxillary second premolars, the occlusal surface is (more/less) visible and (more/less) mesial offset

less, less

on the mesial aspect of maxillary second premolars, the buccal and lingual cusps (are/are not) nearly the same length

are

on the mesial aspect of maxillary second premolars, there (is/is not) a mesial concavity or mesial marginal groove

is not

on the mesial aspect of maxillary second premolars, the buccal outline has a HOC in the _______ 1/3

cervical

on the mesial aspect of maxillary second premolars, the lingual outline has a HOC in the _______ 1/3

middle

on the mesial aspect of maxillary second premolars, the contact area is at the junction of the _________ and _________ 1/3

occlusal, middle

on the distal aspect of the maxillary second premolars, there is an even (larger/smaller) contact area with the first molar

larger

on the distal aspect of maxillary second premolars, the contact area is (more/less) cervical than the first premolar

more

on the distal aspect of maxillary second premolars, the contact area is at the junction of the ________ and ________ 1/3

occlusal, middle

from the occlusal aspect of maxillary second premolars, the line angles are (more/less) rounded

more

from the occlusal aspect of maxillary second premolars, the crown is (more/less) angular

less

from the occlusal aspect of maxillary second premolars, there is a (longer/shorter) central groove

shorter

The central groove on the occlusal aspect of maxillary second premolars sometimes displays

multiple supplemental grooves

the mesial and distal pits on the occlusal aspect of maxillary second premolars are (further away/closer) to each other

closer

root structure of maxillary second premolars

- single, straight root

- blunt apex

- root length as long or slightly longer than first premolar

- wider buccolingually than mesiodistally

- faciolingual taper

the buccal and lingual surfaces of the root structure of maxillary second premolars are

convex

the mesial and distal surfaces on the root structure of maxillary second premolars are either _______ or ______

convex, flat

the root of maxillary second premolars deflects to the ______ in the apical portion

distal

root structure cross section of maxillary second premolars

ovoid

variations and anomalies of maxillary second premolars

- crown form varies more than first premolar

- wrinkled occlusal surface (accessory grooves and ridges)

- central pit replaces the central groove

- root variations (distal deflections, two roots, extension into the antrum)