Chapter 9 Anatomy Movement of Joints

Where does movement occure?

At the joint

Axial Joints

Temperomandibular joint (TMJ), Neck, Waist

Temperomanibular joint (TMJ)

Between temporal bone and mandible
TMJ moves the mandible

Neck

Mainly between the skull and C1 and between the different cervical vertebral bones
Neck moves the head

Waist

Mainly between the lumbar vertebral bones
Waist moves the trunk

Appendicular joints

Shoulder, Elbow, Wrist,
Hip, Knee, Ankle

Shoulder

Between the humerus and the radius/ulna
Moves the arm (upper part)

Elbow

Between humerus and the radius/ulna
Moves the forearm

Wrist

Between the radius/ulna and the carpals, and between the carpals and metacarpals
Moves the hand

Hip

Between the os coxae and the femur
Moves the thigh

Knee

Between the femur and tibia
Moves the leg (lover limb)

Ankle

Between the tibia and talus
Moves the foot

Abduction and Adduction

Movement away from or towards midline
Usually in coronal plane

Abudction and Adduction usually occur at

Shoulder, Wrist, Fingers, Hip

Angular Motions

Abuduction and Adduction, Flexion and Extension, Hyperextension

Flexion and Extension

Movement that decreases or increases the angle between articulating bones.
Usually in sagittal plane

Flexion and Extension occurs at

Neck, Waist, Shoulder, Elbow, Wrist, Joints (hands and fingers), Hip, Knee

Hyperextension

Extension that goes beyond anatomic position

Rotation types

Rotation, Pronation and supination

Rotation

Movement that occurs when a bone pivots on its own longitudinal axis

Rotation occurs at

Neck, Waist, Shoulder, Hip, Ankle

Pronation and Supination

Rotation of the forearm. Occurs at the forearm only

Special Movements

Depression and Elevation, Dorsiflexion and Plantar Flexion, Inversion and Eversion, Protraction and Retraction

Depression and Elevation

Inferior or superior movement of a body part

Depression and Elevation occurs at

Temperomandibular Joint
Sternoclavicular joint

Dorsiflexion and Plantar Flexion

Dorsiflexion: Moves the foot superiorly
Plantar Flexion: Moves the foot inferiorly
Occurs at the ankle only

Inversion and Eversion

Inversion moves the foot medially
Eversion moves the foot laterally
Occurs at the ankle only

Protraction and Retraction

Anterior and Posterior movement in the horizontal plane

Protraction and Retraction occurs at

Temperomandibular joint, Tongue, Sternoclavicular joint