Introduction to Allied Health Chapter 7 Tissues

4 major types of tissues

1. Epithelial

2. Connective

3. Muscle

4. Nervous

Tissue

a group or mass of similar cells working together to perform common functions

Epithelial Tissue Function

protection, secretion, absorption, excretion, senses

Categorized based on the _____ of the cells of the _____ of cells.

shape, layers

Skin accounts for ____ % of your body weight

15

Simple

single layer

stratified

multiple layers

squamous

flat

cuboidal

square

columnar

column (rectangle)

simple squamous

diffusion and filtration

flat and thin, single layer

Found in air sac of lungs

simple cuboidal

single layer

cube-shaped cells

secretion and absorption

lining of kidney tubes

simple columnar

single layer

long cells

secretion and absorption

found in digestive tract

contains goblet cells and microvilli

stratified squamous

multi-layered

squamous cells

protection

lines body cavities

pseudostratified columnar

single layer with nuclei at various levels

can have cilia

secretion and cilia-aided movement

lining air passages

transitional epithelium

thick layered cuboidal cells

stretchable tissue

urinary bladder

blocks diffusion

glandular epithelium

specialize to secrete substances

make up body’s glands

exocrine glands

saliva

sweat

endocrine glands

hormones

connective tissue

binds structures together

provides support, protection, framework

what is connective tissue composed of?

scattered cells (in matrix)

ground substance

fibers

mast cell

common type of connective tissue cell

prevents clots

macrophages

common type of connective tissue cell

conserves

fibroblasts

common type of connective tissue cell

produces fibers

collagen fibers

strong, flexible

not elastic

bones and ligaments

elastic fibers

not as strong, very elastic

ears and vocal chords

areolar tissue

category of connective tissue

binds organs to organs

forms thin membranes in body

adipose tissue

category of connective tissue

fat beneath skin

protective cushion and insulation

stores energy

fibrous connective tissue

category of connective tissue

thick collagenous + elastic fibers

tendons and ligaments

tendons

muscles to bones

ligaments

bones to bones

cartilage

category of connective tissue

cartilage cells called chondrocytes

hyaline cartilage

covers end of joints

elastic cartilage

external ear

fibrocartilage

tough and shock absorbing

between vertebrae of spine

bone tissue

osseous tissue

rigid due to mineral salts

blood tissue

circulates throughout the body

types of connective tissue

areolar

adipose

fibrous

cartilage

bone

blood

types of muscle tissue

skeletal

smooth

cardiac

skeletal muscle

voluntary movements

movement of entire body

smooth muscle

hollow organs

stomach

involuntary

cardiac muscle

wall of heart

involuntary

types of nerve tissue

neurons

neurolgia

neurons

transmit signals

neuroglia

protection and support

3 main layers of skin

epidermis

dermis

hypodermis

what is melanin

substance that produce hair, eye, and skin color

how does melanin protect cells

prevents UV induced cancer, reduces DNA damage

How does sunlight cause tanning

triggers melanocytes to produce excess melanin