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What does CDTM stand for?
Collaborative Drug Therapy Management
What is the purpose of CDTM
To optimize drug therapy and improve patient outcomes by allowing pharmacists to manage drug therapy under a collaborative practice agreement with physicians.
What does MTM stand for?
Medication Therapy Management
What are the key services provided in MTM?
Comprehensive Medication Review (CMR), Personal Medication Record (PMR), Medication Action Plan (MAP), Intervention and/or Referral, Documentation and Follow-up.
What is the difference between illness and disease?
Disease is professionally defined, while illness is a subjective experience of feeling unwell.
How do pharmacists contribute to patient care under CDTM
By initiating, monitoring, modifying, and discontinuing medications under a collaborative agreement with physicians.
What is a syndrome?
A collection or set of signs and symptoms that characterize a particular condition.
What is the definition of health according to WHO?
Health is the state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
What is the difference between a disease and a disorder?
A disease results from a pathophysiological response to external or internal factors, while a disorder is the disruption of normal bodily functions.
What is a Personal Medication Record (PMR)
A comprehensive list of all medications a patient is taking, helping them keep track of their therapy.
What is a Medication Action Plan (MAP)?
A plan developed during MTM to help patients achieve specific health goals, including medication use and lifestyle changes.
What is the difference between a disease and a condition?
A condition is an abnormal state of health that interferes with usual activities or a feeling of well-being, while a disease is a more specifically defined pathophysiological state
Can a person be ill without having a disease?
Yes, for example, stress can make a person feel ill without being classified as a disease.
What is the definition of health behavior?
Any activity undertaken by a person who believes they are healthy, aimed at preventing disease or detecting it at an asymptomatic stage.
What is illness behavior?
Any activity undertaken by a person who feels ill in an effort to define their health status and discover a remedy.
What is the sick role according to medical sociology?
A social role where individuals are exempt from usual responsibilities, expected to seek treatment, and work towards recovery, with illness legitimized by medical professionals.
What is the statutory definition of pharmacy practice in New York?
The definition includes pharmacists' responsibilities for drug therapy management, compounding, dispensing medications, and counseling patients on drug use.
What is the importance of a pharmacist’s knowledge of drug composition?
It helps pharmacists provide accurate information on drug safety, effectiveness, interactions, and manage patient therapies effectively.
What does NAPLEX stand for, and what is its purpose?
North American Pharmacist Licensure Examination, which assesses the knowledge and skills needed to practice pharmacy.
What are ADRs and ADEs?
Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) and Adverse Drug Events (ADEs) refer to harmful or unintended reactions to medications that pharmacists monitor and manage.
What is the importance of the Comprehensive Medication Review (CMR) in MTM?
The CMR helps identify medication-related problems by reviewing all prescription, over-the-counter, and herbal medications a patient is taking.
What does NABP stand for?
National Association of Boards of Pharmacy, which is responsible for supporting the state boards of pharmacy in protecting public health
What is the Prescription Verification Process?
It’s the process where pharmacists review prescriptions to ensure accuracy, appropriateness, and safety before dispensing medication.
What is compounding in pharmacy practice?
Compounding involves creating personalized medications by mixing ingredients to meet the specific needs of patients, often when commercially available drugs do not meet those needs.
What are the 5Rs of patient care?
Right patient, right drug, right dose, right route, and right time.
What is Medication Adherence?
refers to whether patients take their medications as prescribed, including the correct dosage and timing, which is crucial for treatment effectiveness.
What does ACPE stand for, and what is its role?
Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education, responsible for accrediting pharmacy schools and ensuring the quality of pharmacy education.
What is the significance of a pharmacist in patient counseling?
Pharmacists provide critical information on how to properly take medications, potential side effects, interactions, and ensure patient understanding to improve adherence and health outcomes.
What is a syndrome, and how does it differ from a disease?
syndrome a collection of signs and symptoms that characterize a condition, while a disease is a specific pathophysiological condition diagnosed by healthcare providers.
What is the difference between wellness and health?
Health refers to a state of physical, mental, and social well-being, while wellness is an integrated approach to maximizing one’s potential within their environment.
What is the definition of “condition” in medical terms?
an abnormal state of health that affects a person’s well-being and usual activities, but it might not be classified as a disease.
How can pharmacists help patients with chronic conditions through MTM?
Pharmacists can optimize medication regimens, provide personalized care plans, and monitor progress to improve therapeutic outcomes in patients with chronic diseases.
What is the Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) degree, and why is it important?
The PharmD is the professional degree required for pharmacy practice, focusing on medication management and patient care through a combination of didactic and experiential learning.
What does the term “silent killer” refer to in medical conditions?
It refers to diseases like hypertension that have no obvious symptoms but can cause significant harm if left untreated.
How does a pharmacist assist in managing Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs)?
Pharmacists monitor patient responses to medications, identify ADRs, and modify therapy as needed to minimize harmful effects.
What role do pharmacists play in the expanded scope of practice
Pharmacists are increasingly involved in direct patient care, managing medication therapy, and working within collaborative healthcare teams to improve patient outcomes.
What is a Personal Medication Record (PMR)?
PMR is a comprehensive list of all the medications a patient takes, including prescriptions, over-the-counter drugs, and supplements, which helps patients manage their therapy effectively.
What is the difference between ADRs and Adverse Drug Events (ADEs)?
ADRs are harmful reactions to a medication at normal doses, while ADEs refer to any injury resulting from drug use, which may include overdose, medication errors, or ADRs.
What is the importance of follow-up in MTM?
Follow-up ensures ongoing medication management, addresses new issues, and adjusts therapy as needed to optimize patient outcomes.
What is the scope of pharmacists in disease prevention?
Pharmacists play a key role in preventing disease by administering vaccines, providing health screenings, and educating patients on preventative care.
How do pharmacists contribute to medication safety?
Pharmacists ensure medication safety by verifying prescriptions, checking for drug interactions, providing patient counseling, and monitoring for adverse effects.
What is the statutory definition of pharmacy practice in New York?
The statutory definition outlines the responsibilities and scope of pharmacists, including dispensing medications, patient counseling, and medication management under state regulations.
What is the significance of compounding in pharmacy practice?
Compounding allows pharmacists to customize medications for patients with specific needs, such as unique dosages, formulations, or allergy considerations.
What is a genetic disorder?
A genetic disorder is a condition caused by abnormalities in an individual's DNA, which can lead to various physical or mental health issues.
How do pharmacists handle patients with multiple chronic conditions?
Pharmacists manage complex medication regimens, prevent drug interactions, monitor patient health, and provide personalized care to ensure effective treatment of multiple conditions.
How does a pharmacist’s expertise in pharmacology support CDTM?
Pharmacists apply their deep knowledge of drug actions, interactions, and therapeutic effects to manage medications effectively, improving patient outcomes in collaboration with physicians.
What is the difference between a condition and a syndrome?
A condition is an abnormal health state affecting well-being, while a syndrome is a collection of signs and symptoms that occur together and characterize a particular medical issue.
What is an example of a "silent killer" disease?
Hypertension is a classic example of a silent killer, as it often shows no symptoms but can lead to serious health issues like stroke or heart attack if untreated.
What is the “sick role” according to Talcott Parsons?
The sick role concept involves societal expectations where a person is exempt from normal duties, seeks medical help, and is expected to want to recover.
How do pharmacists collaborate with healthcare teams to improve patient outcomes?
Pharmacists provide medication expertise, optimize drug therapy, monitor patient progress, and work with doctors, nurses, and other professionals to ensure comprehensive care
Why is understanding the difference between illness and disease important for pharmacists?
Understanding the difference helps pharmacists provide holistic care by addressing both the objective and subjective aspects of a patient's health condition.
How can stress lead to illness without being classified as a disease?
Stress can cause physical symptoms like headaches and fatigue, making a person feel ill, but it is not classified as a disease, illustrating the subjective nature of illness.
What is the importance of ACPE accreditation for pharmacy schools?
ACPE accreditation ensures that pharmacy schools meet high educational standards, providing students with the necessary training to become competent pharmacists
How can a pharmacist help patients manage stress-related illness?
Pharmacists can offer lifestyle advice, recommend stress management techniques, and suggest non-prescription remedies or refer patients to appropriate healthcare providers.
whats Prescription Drop-off:
Patient Arrival: The patient arrives at the pharmacy and hands over their prescription to the pharmacy technician or pharmacist.
Prescription Review: The pharmacist or technician reviews the prescription for completeness and legality, ensuring it includes the patient’s name, medication, dosage, and doctor’s signature.
Whats Data Entry
Patient Information: The technician enters the patient’s information into the pharmacy’s computer system, including any allergies or current medications to check for potential drug interactions.
Insurance Verification: The technician verifies the patient’s insurance information to determine coverage and co-pay amounts.
Whats Prescription Verification:
Pharmacist Review: The pharmacist reviews the prescription for accuracy, checking for potential drug interactions, correct dosage, and appropriateness of the medication for the patient’s condition.
Clarification: If there are any questions or issues, the pharmacist may contact the prescribing doctor for clarification.
Whats Medication Preparation
Counting and Measuring: The technician counts or measures the correct amount of medication.
Labeling: The medication is labeled with the patient’s name, medication name, dosage instructions, and any additional warnings or instructions.
Packaging: The medication is placed in a prescription bottle or appropriate packaging.
Whats the Final Check
Pharmacist Verification: The pharmacist performs a final check to ensure the correct medication and dosage have been prepared and that the label is accurate.
Patient Consultation: The pharmacist may provide a consultation to the patient, explaining how to take the medication and potential side effects and answering any questions.
Whats Prescription Pick-up:
Patient Notification: The pharmacy notifies the patient that their prescription is ready for pick-up.
Payment: The patient pays for the medication, either through insurance or out-of-pocket.
Medication Handover: The medication is handed over to the patient, along with any necessary information or counseling.
sociology
study of human social relationships
study of development
right drug
wrong drug refilled
prescription verified
appropriate time to dispense
right patient
being able to see who is abusing their priescription drug
is the patient able to take this medication?
is this patient aware of the medication condition/side effects
right dose
is the dose clinically appropiate
right time
whats the appropriate time to pick up/ take the prescription drug
right rule to administration for rx
help ensure safe and effective medication administration.
what is clasp
clicking, licking, adding, sticking, pouring
DRP
drug related problems
SMO
SELECT: the drug therpy for the patient
MODIFY: the dose prescrived seems lower/higher than what the patient needs
ORDER: pharmacists can order lab reports and other things
DESERT ARTICLE
people in the phamraceutical workforse is shrinking
