HG Quiz Terms & Concepts

Subsistence Agriculture

Farming primarily to feed the farmer’s family.

Commercial Agriculture

Farming aimed at producing crops for sale and profit.

Shifting Cultivation

A system where land is cultivated temporarily and then left fallow to restore its fertility.

Hunting and Gathering

A subsistence strategy based on collecting wild plants and hunting animals rather than farming.

Pastoral Nomadism

The herding of livestock by people who frequently move to find fresh pasture.

Plantation

A large-scale farm, often monocultural, that grows cash crops with specialized labor.

Mediterranean Agriculture and Horticulture

Farming practices in Mediterranean climates that often include diverse small-scale crops, fruits, and vegetables.

Mixed Crop and Livestock Farming

A system that combines crop production with raising animals, promoting nutrient cycling and diversification.

Community Gardening

Shared gardens managed by a community, often in urban settings, for local food production.

Second Revolution

Refers to the mechanization and industrialization of agriculture.

Green Revolution

Involves modern crop varieties and chemical inputs starting in the 1950s.

Von Thünen’s Model

A model that explains agricultural land use patterns based on the cost of transportation and the perishability of goods.

GMOs

Genetically modified organisms engineered for traits like pest resistance or higher yield.

Organic Foods

Produced without synthetic chemicals, relying on natural processes and inputs.

Value Added

The increase in a product’s worth through processing, marketing, or other improvements.

Extensive Agriculture

Farming that uses large areas of land with relatively low inputs and yields per unit area.

Intensive Agriculture

Farming that uses high inputs (labor, fertilizers, technology) on smaller land areas to achieve higher yields.