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Vocabulary and concepts for the final exam.
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Overpopulation
When a population exceeds the carrying capacity of its environment.
Demographic Transition Model (DTM)
A model that describes population change over time.
Immigration
The movement of people into a new country or region.
Developed
A country with a high level of economic and social development.
Push Factor
Factors that cause people to leave their home country.
Pull Factor
Factors that attract people to a new country.
Asylum Seeker
A person who has fled their country and is seeking international protection.
Forced & Voluntary Migration
Migration due to external factors vs. migration due to choice.
Dependency Ratio
The ratio of dependents (under 15 or over 64) to the working-age population.
Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
The total value of goods and services produced in a country in a year.
Globalization
The increasing interconnectedness of the world through trade, culture, and communication.
Newly Industrialized Country (NIC)
A country that has recently begun to develop its economy.
Primary Sector
The sector of the economy that involves the extraction of raw materials.
Trading Bloc
A group of countries that have agreed to reduce or eliminate trade barriers between themselves.
Agribusiness
Large-scale, industrial agriculture.
Food Desert
An area where people have limited access to affordable and nutritious food.
Monoculture
The practice of growing a single crop in a large area.
Subsistence Agriculture
Farming that produces enough food for the farmer and their family.
Metropolitan Area
A large urban area consisting of a city and its surrounding suburbs.
Suburbanization
The growth of suburbs outside of cities.
Shantytown
A squatter settlement on the outskirts of a city.
Central Business District
The commercial heart of a city.
Boomburg
A rapidly growing suburban city.
De Facto Segregation
Segregation that exists in practice, even if not by law.
Gentrification
The process of renovating and improving a deteriorated urban neighborhood by means of an influx of more affluent residents.
Urban Sprawl
The expansion of urban areas into the surrounding countryside.
Block Busting
The practice of persuading white homeowners to sell their properties at a loss, due to fears that minority groups would soon be moving into the neighborhood.
New Urbanism
An urban planning movement that promotes walkable, mixed-use neighborhoods.
New Urbanism
An urban planning movement that promotes walkable, mixed-use neighborhoods.
Urbanization
The process of cities growing and becoming more populated.