Primus Article 3

Flashcards based on key concepts from the lecture on operant audiometry and response behavior in young children.

Operant Conditioning

A learning process where behavior is modified by its consequences, such as reinforcement.

Discriminative Stimulus (DS)

A stimulus that signals the availability of reinforcement, influencing the likelihood of a response.

Reinforcing Stimulus (RS)

A stimulus that follows a behavior and increases the likelihood of that behavior being repeated.

Visual Reinforcement Audiometry (VRA)

An operant conditioning technique that uses visual stimuli to reinforce auditory responses in infants.

Habituation

The process in which a response decreases after repeated exposure to a stimulus.

Response Consistency

The reliability of responses given by subjects across trials in an experiment.

Reinforcement Schedule

A rule stating how often a behavior will be reinforced, affecting the rate of learning.

Novel Reinforcement

Using new or unfamiliar reinforcers to increase response rate and maintain interest.

Conditioning Rate

The speed at which a subject learns to associate a response with a stimulus.

Response Recovery

The return of a conditioned response after it has ceased, often influenced by changes in stimulation.

Variable-Ratio Schedule

A reinforcement schedule that rewards a response after an unpredictable number of responses, leading to high, stable rates of response.

Intermittent Reinforcement

Reinforcing a behavior only occasionally rather than every time.

False-Positive Responding

A response that occurs when a subject reacts even when the stimulus is not present.

Tympanometry

A test used to evaluate the condition of the middle ear and mobility of the eardrum.

Response Strength

The intensity or likelihood of a response being emitted during an operant conditioning task.

Stimulus Control

When a behavior is performed in the presence of a specific stimulus but not in its absence.

Frequency-Specific Auditory Signals

Auditory stimuli targeting specific frequencies, used for assessing hearing functions.