PPC exam

Inline Closed Suctioning

Its primary advantage is that it maintains continuous ventilator settings by allowing suctioning without disconnecting the client from the ventilator circuit.

Open Suctioning

The most critical safety precaution is to apply suction intermittently while withdrawing the catheter to prevent mucosal trauma and hypoxia.

Immediate Priority

Suctioning is indicated for signs of potential airway obstruction and impaired gas exchange, such as increased work of breathing and audible wheezing.

Tracheostomy Care

Secretion build-up causes increased respiratory effort and gurgling. Suctioning takes priority over giving oxygen or calling RT, as oxygen cannot fix a physical airway obstruction.

Prevention

Hyperoxygenate the client prior to suctioning to prevent desaturation and hypoxia.

Safety Limits

Do not suction continuously or for prolonged durations (30-60 seconds is too long and causes severe hypoxia/trauma).

What is the primary way to prevent hypoxia during tracheostomy suctioning?

Hyper-oxygenate the client prior to suctioning

How far away should an oxygen tank be kept from an electric stove or heater?

at least 5 feet

Which breath sound is primarily associated with Atelectasis?

Diminished breath sounds

Why is nonrebreather mask chosen over other oxygen delivery systems in acute distress?

It delivers high concentration of oxygen (up to 100%)

What time of the day to collect sputum specimen?

In the morning

What to offer clients after post-operative care?

incentive spirometer regularly to encourage deep breathing and alveolar expansion

What does the frequency depend on for client needs?

the system type

How to manage thick yellow secretions?

Increase humidification and suction frequency to thin secretions and maintain airway clearance

Atelectasis

Alveolar collapse. Characterized by diminished breath sounds

COPD

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Characterized by a barrel chest due to chronic air trapping and hyperinflation of the lungs.

Oxygen Transport

Hemoglobin (contained within red blood cells) transports oxygen through the blood.

Surfactant

Lowers surface tension within the alveoli to prevent alveolar collapse during exhalation.

Gas Exchange

Occurs via diffusion

Replacing Equipment

verify/check the oxygen flow rate on the regulator first

Nasal Cannula

Delivers low-to-moderate oxygen flows

Primary Indication

Emergency situations like acute respiratory distress or severe hypoxia.