Disorders of Granulocytes and Monocytes

These flashcards cover key terms and definitions related to disorders of granulocytes and monocytes, including quantitative and qualitative disorders, as well as specific diseases.

Leukocytosis

An increase in the concentration or percentage of any of the leukocytes in the peripheral blood.

Leukocytopenia

A decrease in the total leukocyte count.

Neutrophilia

An increase in neutrophils, often due to inflammatory conditions or infections.

Eosinophilia

An increase in eosinophils, typically associated with allergic reactions or parasitic infections.

Basophilia

An increase in basophils, which can occur in certain allergic responses.

Monocytosis

An increase in monocytes, often associated with chronic infection or inflammation.

Neutropenia

A decrease in the number of neutrophils, which can result from various causes including marrow injury.

Hypersegmentation

A condition characterized by neutrophils with more than five nuclear lobes, often associated with vitamin deficiencies.

Pelger-Huët Anomaly

A benign morphological abnormality in neutrophils characterized by hyposegmentation.

Toxic Granulation

Prominent dark granulation observed in neutrophils, typically associated with infections.

Döhle Bodies

Light-blue inclusions in neutrophils related to stress responses in infections.

Gaucher's Disease

A disorder caused by a deficiency in glucocerebrosidase, resulting in lipid accumulation in cells.

Niemann-Pick Disease

An inherited lipid metabolism disorder caused by sphingomyelinase deficiency.

Chédiak-Higashi Syndrome

A hereditary disorder characterized by large granules in leukocytes, leading to impaired immune function.

Lazy Leukocyte Syndrome

A qualitative disorder involving defective neutrophil mobilization.

Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD)

A disorder where neutrophils have defects in microbicidal activity, leading to recurrent infections.

Myeloperoxidase Deficiency

A specific defect in neutrophils affecting their ability to kill certain pathogens.