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Political party
a group of individuals with broad common interests who organize to nominate candidates for office, win elections, conduct government, and determine public policy
Patronage
The practice of granting favors to reward party loyalty
Stability
remaining steady
One-party system
a system in which only one political party exists, often because the government tolerates no other opposition; usually in authoritarian governments
Two-party system
a system in which two major parties compete for power, although minor parties may exist
Coalition government
one formed by several parties who combine forces to obtain a majority
Third party
any political party other than one of the two major parties
Single-issue party
a political party that focuses exclusively on one major social, economic, or moral issue
Ideological party
a political party that has a particular set of ideas about how to change society overall rather than focusing on a single issue
Splinter party
a political party that splits away from a major party because of some disagreement
Single-member district
an electoral district in which only one candidate is elected to each office
Proportional representation
a system in which several officials are elected to represent the same area in proportion to the votes each party's candidate receives
Ideology
a set of basic beliefs about life, culture, government, and society
Liberal
the belief that the proper role of government is to actively promote health, education, and justice
Conservative
the belief that the government should play a limited role in citizens' lives; also the belief in "traditional family values" and what is viewed as a moral lifestyle
Moderate
the belief in both liberal and conservative viewpoints
Democratic party
the party more associated with liberal and moderate-liberals
Republican party
the party more associated with conservative and moderate-conservatives
Platform
a statement of a political party's principles, beliefs, and positions on vital issues
Party identification
loyalty to a political party
Independent
a voter who does not support any particular party
Polarize
to divide into opposing groups
Centrist
a person whose views tend to be moderate
Canvass
to solicit votes and determine opinions
Caucus
a private meeting of party leaders to choose candidates for office
Direct primary
an election in which party members select people to run in the general election
Closed primary
an election in which only members of a political party can vote
Open primary
an election in which all voters may participate
Plurality
the largest number of votes in an election
Ticket
a party's candidates for president and vice president
Note 
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