African American History Mid-Term 1

Dr. Black please have mercy on me please

The third largest producer of film in the world is

Hollywood-Los Angeles

Where did the “door of no return” lead?

Door leading out to the slave ships

What is the term current African scholars suggest you use for the slave trade?

European Slave Trade

What did the asiento system change about the slave trade at the end of the 16th century?

It allowed Portuguese merchants to ship Africans directly from Africa to New Spain

Why was salt so valuable in the Mali Empire?

It helped preserve food before refrigeration

What system did Spain use in the first few decades of the sixteenth century to extract forced labor and tribute from American Indians?

Encomienda

Why has ancient Egyptian history been the subject of fierce controversy among thinkers in Europe and America?

Debates about the race of the ancient Egyptians have been linked to arguments over the relative accomplishments of blacks and whites

Which statement most accurately describes Africa’s climate and geography

Africa’s climate and geography vary widely and include both hot and dry deserts

How were Africans made slaves while still in Africa?

indentured servitude, prisoners of war

Key term for managing slaves

driver

Which of the following is not associated with the Great Awakening?

Repent and find salvation in King George

Who was the first published African American poet?

Lucy Terry

Which of the following is true of the Ghana Empire?

It covered parts of modern Mauritania, Mali, and Senegal

What is true for free African Americans in the United States after the revolution?

They could form autonomous families and communities

Conjure

Traditional African folk magic in which men and women draw on the powers of the spirit world to influence human affairs

Gullah

A creole language composed of a blend of West African languages and English

Great Awakening

A multidenominational series of evangelical revivals that took place in North America between the 1730s and the 1780s

Freedom suits

Legal actions by which slaves sought to achieve freedom in British and American courts

Somerset Case 1772

A British legal case that freed an American slave named James Somerset and inspired other slaves to sue for their freedom.

Lord Dunmore’s Proclamation 1775

A document issued by Virginia’s royal governor John Murray, the Earl of Dunmore, in November 1775, offering freedom to “rebel” colonists’ slaves who joined his forces

Southern strategy

An unsucessful British military plan that was designed to defeat the patriots by recapturing the American South

Maroons

Members of runaway slave communities; also known as cimarrons

Inedntured servants

White laborers who came to the English North American colonies under contract to work for a specified amount of time, usually four to seven years

Chattel slavery

A system by which slaves were considered portable property and denied all rights or legal authority over themselves or their children

Creole/mulatto

A person with mixed white and African ancestry

Task system

A system of slave labor in which enslaved workers were assigned daily tasks and permitted to work unsupervised as long as they completed their tasks

Driver

A slave assigned to oversee the work of other slaves.

Code Noir

The slave code used in France’s colonies in the Americas

Stono Rebellion

A slave rebllion led by slaves who hoped to find freedom in Spanish Florida, killed about twenty whites before they were captured and subdued

Encomienda

A labor system used by the Spanish in their colonization of the Americas. Granted colonists control over a specified number of Native Americans from whom they could extract labor

Elmina castle

A fortress in present-day Ghana, built by the Portuguese as a trading post in 1482 and used as a mjor slave trading center by the Dutch from 1637 to 1814

Asiento

A contract of trade agreement created by the Spanish crown

Atlantic Triangle Trade/Slave Trade

European merchants exchanged manufactured goods for enslaved Africans, whom they shipped to the Americas to exchange for New World commodities, which they then shipped back to European markets

Middle Passage

The phase of the trans-Atlantic slave trade in which slave ships transported enslave people from the West African coast to slave ports in the Americas

Diaspora

The dispersion of a people from their homeland. Applied to Africans, this term usually describes the mass movement of Africans and their descendants to the AMerica during the slave trade

Hominins

Members of the primate group that includes the species Homo sapiens

trans-Saharan trade

Trade that connected Berber-speaking merchants of North Africa with West African merchants of the Sahel

Manumission

A legal process that slave owners could initiate to grant freedom to a slave

1619 Jamestown

The first documented Africans in the United States

Why was Bacon’s Rebellion (1676) important?

Showed potential for unifying different groups of racism classes

What were the 1740 Slave Acts?

The comprehensive act made it illegal for enslaved Africans to move abroad, assemble in groups, raise food, earn money, and learn to write

Who was Phillis Wheatley?

The first African American poet with a published book

Why was the Somerset Case significant?

First case establishing legally that Africans should be free and have rights

What does the Decleration of Independence say about government?

It is the right of the people to abolish/institute a new government

What does the Decleration of Independence emphasize

The consent of the governed

The Three-Fifths Compromise

Each state’s slave population would be counted in determining each state’s tax burden and representation in the House of Representatives.

Fugitive Slave Clause

No slaves escaping to another state are freed of their labor

Fugitive Slave Act

Made it a crime to help fugitive slaves

Was the Fugitive Slave Act in the Constitution?

No

Was the Fugitive Slave Clause in the Constitution?

Yes

The Fugitive Slave Act came before the Fugitive Slave Clause

False

What was the Fugitive Slave Act?

A legal document that criminalized protection of fugitive slaves, and empowered enslavers to recapture fugitive slaves

What was the Fugitive Slave Clause?

A legal document that no slaves escaping to different states are freed of labor and shall be delievered back to slave owners.

What is the difference between the Fugitive Slave Clause and he Fugitive Slave Act?

The Clause was not enforced in the North, but the Act criminalized harboring fugitive slaves: forcing it into enforcement.

The ⅗ Compromise

A clause in the constiution that defines enslaved as 3/5 human

Why did Southern delegates want enslaved people to be included in the population of the state?

The South had a large population of enslaved, so they’d get more representatives if they were included in the population

The Slave Trade Clause

Stated that the federal government cannot limit how many individuals are imported to the US; imporation regulation is decided at a state level

Of the 55 delegates to the Constiutional Convention, about 25 owned enslaved people

True

Does the term ‘slave’ appear anywhere in the constitution?

No